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Joking is not nonsense, adaptation is not random.
Japan’s warring States periodThe Black Ninja"Misuke", in the recent pop culture works have a high appearance rate.
On April 29th, Netflix cooperated with MAPPA, who had produced popular animation works such as The Wrath of Bahamut and The Battle of the Spell, and launched six original animation episodes featuring Misuke.Samurai Misuke.
Many domestic and foreign audiences were misled by the monotonous name of the work, thinking that Samurai Misuke was an animation explaining the history of the Japanese Warring States, but what they finally saw was a fantasy film that mixed elements such as mecha, psionics, yin and yang, and shouted "Lei Ju".
The rating of Samurai Misuke at home and abroad is not ideal.
As of the end of this article, the Douban score of Samurai Misuke is 5.5, and IMDb is only 6.3.
On the other hand, Glorious Tekumo is still making a mowing game.Warriors of the Warring States 5, is addicted to the old characters of the Warring States period, and introduces a few new characters.
In the official role trailer released on April 23, Misuke with dark skin officially appeared, which is a unique existence among more than 20 handsome men and beautiful women created by Guangrong Japanese painting style.
Glorious Tekumo seems to have a soft spot for Misuke’s story. The series Nobunaga’s Wild Hope, which restores the history of the Warring States in the form of games, has been helpful since the fifth book "The Legend of Overlord" released in 1992.
Misuke’s head in Nobunaga’s Wild Hope: The Legend of Overlord
In the 14th "Creation" "Power Enhanced Edition", Misuke joined the game as one of the special military commanders. His other attributes are not brilliant, but his initial force value is as high as 91, which is not the top, but it is also among the best.
Misuke’s vertical painting in Nobunobunaga’s Wild Hope: An Enhanced Edition of Creative Power
The action game next door is often compared with Hidetaka Miyazaki’s "Soul" series.Benevolence king, tells the story of a magical Warring States history in which monsters are rampant.
The protagonist in the first generation was william adams, the first Japanese white warrior (San Pu pressed the needle), so the appearance of the first black warrior could not be regarded as a breach of peace.
The official map of Misuke in King Benevolence
I have to say, when it comes to telling the story of Misuke,The Japanese are far more active than the Americans..
The first work related to Misuke was a cartoon created by Laiqi Liangfu.Black helpAlthough it was born in 1968, when the black civil rights movement was in full swing, Black Help is only a children’s book, so it doesn’t need to carry such a grand proposition of the times.
"The first black man to become a Japanese samurai"This title does sound like a lot.
But is his true resume worthy of being written by historians, and is it worth writing so many books for him?
You know, the historical materials that can prove the existence and preservation of this person are actually quite rare.
In 1627, the History of Japanese Churches, written by Franç ois Suliere, contained rare historical materials describing the early background of Misuke.
According to the book, Misuke was a slave brought from India (Tianzhu) by Italian Catholic missionary Alessandro Fanlinano.
Fan Linano is not a memorable name, but as a Jesuit inspector appointed by the Pope, he once visited Macao, China, and gave himself a Chinese name, Fan Lian, in order to carry out the missionary work smoothly.
As for Misuke’s life before meeting Fan Lian, there is really no record.
But since Misuke is black, his hometown is obviously not in India.
Some people say that Misuke came from a Portuguese colony in East Africa (now Mozambique), while others say that he was born in South Sudan or Ethiopia.
Some people think that Misuke was a slave bought by Van Lian from East Africa, while others say that he was abducted to India as a child soldier by Arab or Indian slavers, and was later selected as a servant by Van Lian.
In the Japanese Dahe drama "Kanbee, the Strategist"
Misuke points out the general location of his hometown on the globe.
In any case, Fan Lian left India in September 1577, when Misuke should go with him.
In September 1578, Fan Li ‘an arrived in Macau. In July 1579, Fan Li ‘an set off for Japan, and arrived in Kouzhijin Port of Kyushu Island, Japan on July 25, planning to inspect and guide the education in Japan.
In the 16th century, Japan was in the Warring States period when dozens of local lords, that is, Daming, led their respective armies to wage war.
The war has created excellent conditions for the spread of Catholicism, and the displaced people are eager for new beliefs. Based on practical considerations, they support the name of missionary, and hope to use the channels of missionaries to make profits from trade, or acquire a large number of firearms to arm the army.
A matchlock gun called "iron cannon" by the Japanese.
Due to its geographical superiority, Kyushu Island became the first place in Japan to contact Catholicism and western culture. With the support of several famous names, the missionary work in Kyushu Island has progressed relatively steadily.
Fan Lian stayed in Kyushu for two years, and Misuke, a colleague, probably learned Japanese during this time.
In 1581, Fan Lian went to Honshu Island to inspect, and the patron of Honshu Island parish was Nobunobu Oda, who had repeatedly repelled the resistance and was the most promising to unify Japan.
Out of courtesy, Fan Lian asked Nobuyuki Oda for permission to leave Japan, so he took a group to Kyoto where Nobuyuki was located.
According to The History of Japanese Churches, Fan Li ‘an and his party were surrounded by Kyoto people. What surprised them was not the missionaries, but the tall and burly black helpers.
Nonobunaga Oda had a staunch ally, Tokugawa Ieyasu, who later truly unified Japan, and a retainer named Matsuhei Jiazhong in Jiakang liked to keep a diary, which inadvertently left a lot of valuable historical materials.
On May 11, 1582 (April 19 of the old calendar), Matsuhei Jiazhong was lucky enough to meet Misuke and wrote down his height in his diary:"Six feet two inches long".
"Six feet two inches" is converted into today’s metric unit of about1.88 metersAmong a group of Japanese whose average size is less than 1.6 meters, Misuke must be very conspicuous, and the commotion caused also alarmed Nobunobu.
Before Meiji Restoration, the Japanese were very short.
On March 27, 1581 (February 23 of the old calendar), Misuke met nobunaga with Fan Li ‘an and his party.
Nobunaga’s home minister Ota Niuichi’s Nobunaga Gong Ji says:
"Black people have been sent from Chezhidan (Catholic) countries. They look about twenty-six, seven years old, black as an ox, strong and powerful, and can be used as one for ten."
Nobunaga saw Misuke and suspected that his skin color was painted with ink, so he ordered people to take off Misuke’s kimono and scrub his body with water, and no matter how he washed it, he believed that black skin was born.
Nobunobu, who has always been keen on new things in the West, was greatly satisfied with his curiosity and immediately decided to accept him, giving him a Japanese name called Misuke (やすけ, Yasuke, or possibly Misuke).
Then there was a big banquet for the guests, and after the banquet, Misuke was rewarded with a lot of money.
Misuke and Nobunobu in Kanbee, the Strategist
The appearance of Misuke in this play is basically in line with historical facts.
Fan Lian, who successfully completed the inspection mission and obtained Nobunaga’s permission, returned to Macao, while Misuke stayed with Nobunaga to work for him.
Knowing a part of foreign affairs, and knowing Japanese well, Nobunaga appreciated it very much, and gave it to Mitsuke Tatsu Yamashiro within two months.
At this time, Misuke became recorded in the history of letters.The first foreign warrior and the first black warrior.
Unfortunately, due to the lack of more details about Misuke’s official career, especially about the description of fief and salary, only Matsuhei Jiazhong’s diary mentioned the salary of Misuke’s letterhead, so it is impossible to judge Misuke’s social status at that time.
What can be confirmed is that in the spring of 1582, Oda won the battle of "Jiazhou Conquest" and wiped out the forces of another famous Takeda Shenglai in one fell swoop. On the day when Matsuhei Jiazhong saw and wrote down Misuke, Nobunaga’s army triumphed and was stationed in the territory of Tokugawa Ieyasu.
From this, it can be judged that Misuke has won Nobunobu’s full trust and is qualified to participate in such a large-scale battle as "Jiazhou Crusade".
Screen of Sumo Amusement Map by Unknown Author
The two sumo wrestlers in the middle may be Misuke and Nobunobu.
It’s a pity that Misuke’s samurai career didn’t last long.
On June 20th, 1582 (June 1st of the old calendar), Nobunaga, with only a hundred people around him, stayed in Honnoji Temple, Kyoto, and was seized by the retainer Akechi Mitsuhide.
In the afternoon, Akechi Mitsuhide led 13,000 people to Kyoto. In the early morning of the next day, 3,000 people of the wise army surrounded Honnoji Temple, which is famous in Japanese history."the change of benneng temple".
The historical research on "the change of Benneng Temple" has always been a muddled account.
Because Nobunaga and his party were near no one lives, and Akechi Mitsuhide was defeated and killed in less than half a month, his motives for rebellion were confusing, and countless details in the incident could not be verified.
The result is very clear:Oda was outnumbered, and Oda Nobunaga died.
According to historical data, Nobunaga, as a glorious warrior, committed suicide by cutting his belly. However, due to the fire in Honnoji Temple, Nobunaga’s body could not be found.
Honnoji Temple is just across the street from the church in Kyoto. Missionaries have the honor to witness some historical facts from the perspective of bystanders. According to the Japanese Annual Report of Jesuits, Nobu "returned to the dust without hair left".
Misuke lived with Nobunaga, but later escaped from Honnoji Temple. There are two stories about what happened.
The first view is that Misuke was ordered by Nobunaga to convey the news of the rebellion to his eldest son, Oda Nobutada.
The second view is that Misuke fought Nobuyasu at the last minute, Nobuyasu cut his belly, and ordered his subordinates to make mistakes (cut off his head to end the pain of those who cut his belly), and asked Misuke to break through with Tatsu Yamashiro and go to Oda Nobutada.
"Samurai Misuke" simply asked Misuke to help introduce the mistake.
Oda Nobutada lived in Miaojue Temple, 1.2 kilometers away from Honnoji Temple. After receiving the news of the wise rebellion, he fled to two imperial houses, led less than 2,000 people, and fought to the death against the wise army of about 10,000 people.
After more than two hours, Xinzhong’s army was defeated, and Xinzhong himself chose to cut his abdomen.
Or the Jesuit Japan Annual Report, which recorded the last battle of the black warrior:
"The slave who was given to Nobu by the inspector Fan Lian went to his son’s faithful mansion after Nobu’s death and fought for quite a long time.
The wise retainer approached Misuke and asked him to hand over Tatsu Yamashiro, which Misuke did. "
In the cartoon "Legend of the Warring States Ghost Tales", Mibang helped fight.
Akechi Mitsuhide ordered the beheading of all Nobunaga ministers, nobles and near heads, but he didn’t kill priests or help Miya, but sent him back to the church in Kyoto (Naman Temple).
When Misuke was sent to Akechi Mitsuhide, Akechi Mitsuhide said this: "A black slave is as ignorant as an animal, and he is not Japanese, so there is no need to kill him."
However, this kind of account does not seem to be in line with the fact that Misuka speaks Japanese and understands the international situation. It is hard to say that Akechi Mitsuhide really has racial discrimination, or just find an excuse not to kill foreigners.
"Benevolent King 2" Helps the change of Benneng Temple.
Although Misuke chose to surrender, he really didn’t have to put his life on the line for the foreigners’ civil war. Rather, we are lucky that we have not lost our arms and legs after being involved in the rebellion that has turbulent the whole of Japan.
However, after the "change of Benneng Temple", the records about Misuke disappeared completely.
Living in seclusion as an ownerless ronin? Continue to be a follower of missionaries?
Or are they slaves again and go back to India or Africa to work as coolies? These statements have no historical basis.
After more than 30 years, war-torn Japan still maintained a close contact with the West, and some blacks appeared on the battlefields in various parts of Japan, but there was no direct historical data to prove that any of these blacks were helpers.
"Black slaves lived in a foreign country and endured for three years to become decent warriors."Such a history may not even be written in the net.
On the contrary, people can’t help compiling some legends for his stories, which makes Misuke active in today’s popular culture.
However, a person’s fate certainly depends on personal struggle, but also on the process of history.
Due to the lack of records of achievements in Nobunaga’s 15 months, the best we can say is:
Misuke is a lucky man who was appreciated by enlightened local lords and promoted under the background of colonial times.
People always pay attention to history from the perspective of current life, and the story of Misuke can get the attention of modern people.It’s impossible not to say what we often say."Political correctness"be closely linked (to).
But the cause and effect and the primary and secondary relations should not be confused:
It is the background of "political correctness" that attracts the attention of Misuke’s story, rather than someone spreading Misuke’s story for "political correctness".
It doesn’t really matter what the protagonist’s surname is and who is what race.People always pay only for touching people and stories.
Author:Shine on the moon
The text was originally written in WeChat official account.
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