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The AI ​ ​ big model will be the biggest platform revolution ten times that of the mobile Internet, and the number of China is the second in the world.

"China Economic Weekly" reporter Sun Bing | Beijing Report

Who is the "top stream of science and technology" in China and the world? The AI ​ ​ big model is almost uncontroversial.

On May 28th, the Research Report of China Artificial Intelligence Large Model Map released by the New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Research Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology shows that the number of large models developed by China ranks second in the world, only next to the United States. At present, 79 large models with over 1 billion parameters have been released in China. From the regional distribution of large models, there are 14 regions in China that are developing large models, among which Beijing, Guangdong, Zhejiang and Shanghai are in the first echelon, with 38 large models in Beijing and 20 in Guangdong.

In the global big model competition, Wang Huaimin, academician of China Academy of Sciences and director of china computer federation Open Source Development Committee, said that there were about 45 big models with parameters exceeding 10 billion in the past five years, of which 32 appeared in the United States, 9 in China and 4 in Europe.

However, China AI big models, which are developing rapidly and soaring all the way, still need some calm thinking.

The big model "Intelligent Emergence" is exciting.

AI capabilities are beginning to be unpredictable.

Artificial intelligence technology has been developed for many years. Why are academics, industry and even the public so excited and even afraid after the big model appears? Professor Huang Tiejun, president of Beijing Zhiyuan Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, told the reporter of China Economic Weekly that AI used to be more like a human assistant, doing the work that human beings can determine the result according to human instructions. For example, if you design AI to turn on the light, AI will only turn on the light.

"However, the reason why the big model is so concerned now is because when the parameter quantity of artificial intelligence reaches tens of billions, there is an inflection point or a sudden change, and the ability of artificial intelligence begins to be unpredictable, which is the so-called’ intelligent emergence’ phenomenon. Some unexpected abilities of artificial intelligence begin to appear, and this unpredictability makes everyone very excited." Huang Tiejun said.

Huang Tiejun introduced that the core task of this wave of artificial intelligence is to train the model. The so-called model, which has a clear meaning in the field of artificial intelligence, is a neural network, and there is nothing special about the neural network. Our human brain is a neural network.

"But the human brain is a huge neural network. About 80 billion neurons are connected by 100 trillion synapses, so the human brain is very capable. In contrast, the number of neurons and connections in the brain of the orangutan closest to human beings is almost 1/3 of that of the human brain, and that of the monkey is 1/10 of that of human beings, while a bug has about 300 neurons, but it can actually have a lot of life activities. " Huang Tiejun explained.

Of course, the neural network of artificial intelligence model is much simpler than that of human brain. However, with the increase of data scale and computing power, the parameters of the model are also increasing, and the ability is also improving, so there is a "big model", that is, a neural network with huge parameters, and of course its intelligence is higher.

The big model is the biggest platform revolution in history, which will be 10 times that of the mobile Internet.

"the AI big model is a historical opportunity that must not be missed. Because this will be the biggest platform revolution in history, it will be 10 times or more bigger than Windows and Android. It will rewrite every application, reconstruct human work, and enlarge the intelligence of those who are creative by 10 times or more. " Li Kaifu, chairman and CEO of innovation works, said.

Kai-Fu Lee also said that he very much agrees with Andreessen Horowitz, a famous American VC institutional investor: it is difficult to grasp how big the market of the big model will be in the future. It will be all software at the minimum and represent all human efforts at the maximum.

"There may be only three or four such opportunities in human history. The big model track is a battleground for future military strategists. Therefore, independent innovation will be the only way and a major responsibility for China enterprises. " Li Kaifu told the reporter of China Economic Weekly.

Kai-fu Lee has been involved in artificial intelligence for more than 40 years. He joked that he is "the most knowledgeable AI investor and the most knowledgeable AI scientist". From the perspective of investment and industrial development, he believes that with the rise of large models, the development of artificial intelligence has entered the AI 2.0 era from the AI 1.0 era.

Kai-fu Lee believes that in the AI 1.0 era, data sets, data sets and models in a single field are isolated islands, and the workload and cost of data labeling are very considerable; However, the emergence of the big model in the AI 2.0 era can solve these bottlenecks. People use super huge data to train a single big model with cross-domain knowledge, and after fine-tuning, they can perform various tasks. This is a brand-new and huge platform opportunity, all applications and interfaces will be rewritten, and AI 2.0 applications will enter an explosive period.

"Although the current big model is still not perfect, it already has considerable commercial value, even hundreds of trillions of commercial value." Li Kaifu predicted. He said that the big model still has the problem of "serious nonsense" at present, because the reasoning ability of AI also comes from the same technical engine. If you reduce its nonsense to near zero, its reasoning ability is almost gone. In other words, the reasons that make it smart are also the reasons that make it talk nonsense.

"We believe that this can be solved in the future. For example, we can let AI cooperate with humans. We don’t take AI as an ultimate application, but treat it as a human’ assistant’. For example, you can let AI draft the first draft of legal documents or news articles first, and then check and adjust them by human lawyers and journalists, so that you can enjoy the powerful capabilities of AI and avoid the mistakes that AI will make. " Li Kaifu said.

China Economic Weekly reporter Ma Mingyue I photo

There is no absolute barrier to big model competition, but there will not be too many platform seats, and the key to success or failure lies in ecology.

Huang Tiejun said that the big model will eventually become a new type of infrastructure in the future society, which will provide "intelligence" and deliver it to thousands of industries and households. Therefore, after artificial intelligence enters the era of big model, it will form a systematic industrial ecology.

To put it simply, just like the power grid in the power age, thousands of industries and households are using electricity, but they don’t generate electricity by themselves, but there are special power plants, and there are various ways to generate electricity, such as coal power, thermal power, wind power and nuclear power … There are also enterprises to produce various electrical appliances.

"With a big model, it is like human beings learning to generate electricity. At present, it may be a technical path, but there will be various’ power generation means’ that will continue to evolve and iterate, reduce costs and increase efficiency. This means that just as there will be no state or enterprise monopolizing power generation, there are no absolute barriers and thresholds for large models. Everyone competes for cost and efficiency, and competition is for application and ecology. " Huang Tiejun said.

Kai-fu Lee also said that there will be three ecological layers in the future AI 2.0 era: the basic model layer, the middle layer and the application layer. "The AI 2.0 market represented by the big model is huge enough to accommodate giants, SMEs and startups to’ race horses’." He said.

As for how entrepreneurs and investors choose their position and role in this huge ecology, Li Kaifu believes that it needs to be based on different judgments.

For example, the big model platform companies in the basic model layer certainly have great opportunities, and the ceiling will be very high, just like Microsoft in the PC Internet era and Google in the mobile Internet era, but the risks are also the greatest, because the platform companies must be a minority; If it is an application layer, the risk is not so great, and every productivity field may grow into a leading company in the vertical field, but the scale may not be comparable to that of platform companies. For investors, it is always to seek a balance between risk and return.

Jobs in artificial intelligence and intelligent manufacturing are very popular.

China’s big model is "arrogant", but there will not be too many "platform seats", and security threats should be guarded.

Focusing on China, Kai-fu Lee believes that the big model and AI 2.0 are also historical opportunities that China should not miss, and China also has its own advantages.

"China has a rich Chinese corpus and a huge market. By developing AI model, China can promote the development of innovative industries and realize the double dividend of science and technology and economy. Moreover, China has a large base of young engineers and the most tenacious entrepreneurs, which provides strong talent support for the development of AI model. It has leading technology, flexible strategy, quick market response, strong ability to fight hard and strong execution, and will be the key to the success of China model company. " Li Kaifu said.

Huang Tiejun is also full of confidence in China’s development in the field of large models. But there are also some phenomena that need special attention. For example, after the big model was on fire, there was still a phenomenon of rushing headlong into mass action and intensified homogenization competition.

"The data is the data, and the computing power is so much. If everyone trains the model, a lot of work will be repeated, which actually consumes a lot of social resources, which is not conducive to the development of the big model ecology." Huang Tiejun said.

"If we compare the PC Internet era and the mobile Internet era, there are probably no more than three underlying platforms for large models worldwide. Just like the early days of the mobile Internet, there were many operating systems, but in the end only iOS and Android were left. Many companies want to be the third, and they have invested a lot but eventually they have failed. " Huang Tiejun said.

Huang Tiejun believes that there will be only a handful of operating systems for large models in China and even in the world. Although it is impossible to predict how many, it is definitely impossible to have more than a dozen or dozens, and there is no market possibility at all. "more companies are involved, not operating platforms, but doing applications. Similar to Apple Ecology and Android Ecology, many applications will be generated. " He said.

Therefore, Huang Tiejun suggested that on the one hand, we should rely on the "hand of the market" and let the "big waves wash sand" of the market play a major role; But at the same time, it also needs the guidance and adjustment of the "policy hand" to promote, encourage and co-ordinate Industry-University-Research’s cooperation and build a large-scale industrial ecology.

Throughout the world, there are two routes to build an artificial intelligence ecosystem: open source and closed source. Wang Huaimin said that because of its uncertainty, the big model forms the basic pattern that the open source model and the pre-research model are promoted at the same time. Of the 32 large models in the United States, 15 are open source. Five of China’s nine big models are open source.

However, a senior investor in the field of artificial intelligence told China Economic Weekly that there are indeed some large models in China that "shell" and fine-tune foreign open source codes. "GPT3.5 may be open source for you, but GPT4.0 will not be available to you in the short term." Therefore, China should develop large-scale models or innovate independently. Moreover, because the development of the big model involves data issues, from the perspective of supervision, this almost means that China and the United States must be "parallel universes."

The big model is becoming more and more powerful. It is better to learn to cooperate with AI than to worry about security risks and be replaced by AI.

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, especially large models, security issues have been raised to a new dimension. "AI will definitely bring new security threats to the digital world." Qi Xiangdong, chairman of Chianxin Group, told the reporter of China Economic Weekly.

"This security threat mainly comes from two aspects: First, AI can imitate, and even implement fraud with falsehood; Second, AI can help hackers improve their attack level, help some hackers write programs, code, formulate attack plans and provide attack strategies. These have brought new threats to the digital world. " Qi Xiangdong said.

Qi Xiangdong said that network security technology is a companion technology, and it must be the innovation of digital technology first, and then the innovation of security technology. This is the relationship between spear and shield, just as there is no spear with a special material, there will be no shield with a special material. Now new AI technologies such as big models are still in their infancy, and their applications are still tentative, and development is still the top priority.

However, Qi Xiangdong said that he believes that the innovation of network security technology and products will definitely solve these network security problems and risks brought by AI in the new era. "Chianxin is keeping up with various scenarios of AI and exploring new technologies and new security solutions needed to solve the new network risks brought by AI. I believe that future security will not drag the development of AI." He said.

As for when the big model will affect the lives of ordinary people, Huang Tiejun said that it has already happened. For example, artificial intelligence is now replacing some human tasks, especially those that are not original.

Taking painting as an example, Huang Tiejun believes that artificial intelligence can’t be replaced by groundbreaking creations like Picasso and Qi Baishi, but if you just imitate and combine previous creations, artificial intelligence is definitely more efficient. Another example is the original theoretical innovation like Einstein and Newton, and artificial intelligence can’t do it, but if it is routine programming and doing math problems, artificial intelligence can really do better.

However, Huang Tiejun emphasized that AI and human beings are not simply substitutes, but need cooperation. "For example, an enterprise originally needed 1,000 programmers, but after accessing the AI ​ ​ big model capability, it may only need dozens. Through the cooperation between people and AI, higher efficiency and better results can be achieved."

Moreover, Huang Tiejun believes that this influence will soon be transmitted to the field of education.

"Now many students have questions, not asking the teacher first, but asking AI first, because the knowledge and information mastered by AI may be more comprehensive and richer, and then they can learn according to the information given by AI. This meeting will be a great impact. What role will teachers play in the growth of students in the future? What role do you play? AI is constantly learning, and people naturally have to keep learning. Education will definitely exist for a long time, but what is the purpose of our education? What is the way of education? Need to rethink. " Huang Tiejun said.

What’s even more "terrible" is that we often say: reading is like breaking thousands of volumes, and writing is like a god. "It is very powerful for a person to read 10,000 books in a lifetime, but AI can read 1 million books a day, and there are about 100 million books in all mankind. AI will read them all in about three years, so the speed of AI’s ability improvement can be imagined, which is completely different from human beings." Huang Tiejun said.

Zhang Jidong, vice president of Iflytek, told China Economic Weekly that the development of AI technology, especially large models, will bring great challenges to education in China.

"The core of education in China lies in the transmission and acquisition of knowledge. Especially, the assessment target of the exam is mainly knowledge-based. Those children with good memory and more training can get high scores, and these are the abilities that are most easily replaced by AI. In the future, we will need more talents with creativity, critical thinking and innovative thinking. But I believe that as the big model becomes a good assistant in all walks of life, it will also become a good assistant in education. " Zhang Jidong said.

(This article was published in China Economic Weekly, No.11, 2023)

The cover of the 11th issue of China Economic Weekly in 2023.

Reporting/feedback

The General Office of the State Council, the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC issued the Opinions on Further Reducing the Students’ Homework Burden and Off-campus Training Burden in

　　Recently, the general offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council issued the Opinions on Further Reducing the Students’ Homework Burden and Off-campus Training Burden in Compulsory Education, and issued a notice, requiring all localities and departments to conscientiously implement it in light of the actual situation.

　　The full text of "Opinions on Further Reducing Students’ Homework Burden and Off-campus Training Burden in Compulsory Education Stage" is as follows.

　　In order to thoroughly implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee, effectively improve the level of school education, continuously standardize off-campus training (including online training and offline training), and effectively reduce the excessive workload of students in compulsory education and the burden of off-campus training (hereinafter referred to as "double reduction"), we hereby put forward the following opinions.

　　I. General requirements

　　1. Guiding ideology. Adhere to the guidance of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era, fully implement the Party’s education policy, implement the fundamental task of cultivating people by virtue, focus on building a high-quality education system, strengthen the role of school education as the main front, deepen the governance of off-campus training institutions, resolutely prevent acts that infringe on the interests of the masses, build a good education ecology, effectively alleviate parents’ anxiety, and promote students’ all-round development and healthy growth.

　　2. Working principles. Adhere to the student-oriented, respond to concerns, follow the laws of education, focus on the healthy growth of students’ body and mind, protect students’ right to rest, improve the overall quality of school education and teaching, actively respond to social concerns and expectations, and reduce the burden on parents; Adhere to the rule of law, treat both the symptoms and the root causes, strictly implement the compulsory education law, the law on the protection of minors and other legal provisions, and strengthen source governance, systematic governance and comprehensive governance; Adhere to government-led, multi-party linkage, strengthen government co-ordination, implement departmental responsibilities, give full play to the main role of schools, improve security policies, and clarify the collaborative responsibilities of home, school and community; Adhere to overall planning and steady implementation, fully implement the relevant provisions of the state on reducing students’ excessive academic burden, pilot key and difficult issues first, actively promote typical experiences, and ensure the smooth and orderly work of "double reduction".

　　3. Work objectives. The teaching quality and service level of the school have been further improved, the assignment is more scientific and reasonable, the after-school service of the school basically meets the needs of students, students return to campus better, and the training behavior of off-campus training institutions is fully standardized. Students’ excessive homework burden and off-campus training burden, family education expenditure and parents’ corresponding energy burden were effectively reduced within one year, and the results were remarkable within three years, and the people’s educational satisfaction was significantly improved.

　　Second, reduce the total amount and duration of homework in an all-round way, and reduce students’ heavy workload.

　　4. Improve the operation management mechanism. Schools should improve the management methods of homework, strengthen the overall planning of homework in discipline groups and grade groups, rationally regulate the homework structure, and ensure that the difficulty does not exceed the national curriculum standards. Establish a publicity system for homework in schools and strengthen quality supervision. It is strictly forbidden to assign homework to parents or in disguised form, and it is strictly forbidden to ask parents to check and correct homework.

　　5. Classify and clarify the total amount of work. The school should ensure that the first and second grades of primary school do not assign homework, and can arrange consolidation exercises appropriately in the school; The average completion time of written homework in grades three to six of primary school is no more than 60 minutes, and the average completion time of written homework in junior high school is no more than 90 minutes.

　　6. Improve the quality of homework design. Give play to the functions of homework diagnosis, consolidation, learning situation analysis, etc., and incorporate homework design into the teaching and research system. The system designs basic homework that conforms to age characteristics and learning rules and reflects the orientation of quality education. Encourage the arrangement of layered, flexible and personalized operations, resolutely overcome mechanical and ineffective operations, and eliminate repetitive and punitive operations.

　　7. Strengthen the guidance of homework completion. Teachers should guide primary school students to basically complete their written homework in school, and junior high school students should complete most of their written homework in school. Teachers should carefully correct homework, give timely feedback, strengthen face-to-face explanation, carefully analyze learning situation, and do a good job in answering questions and counseling. Students are not allowed to approve and correct their own homework.

　　8. Make scientific use of spare time. Schools and parents should guide students to finish the remaining written homework after coming home from school, carry out necessary schoolwork, engage in housework as much as they can, carry out appropriate physical exercise, and carry out reading and literary activities. Individual students who fail to finish their written homework after hard work should also go to bed on time. Guide students to use electronic products reasonably, control the duration of use, protect their eyesight health and prevent internet addiction. Parents should actively communicate with their children, pay attention to their psychological emotions and help them develop good study and living habits. Boarding schools should make overall arrangements for after-school study and life.

　　Third, improve the level of after-school services to meet the diverse needs of students.

　　9. Ensure after-school service time. Schools should make full use of the advantages of resources, effectively implement various after-school education activities, and meet the diverse learning needs of students on campus. Guide students to voluntarily participate in after-school services. In principle, the end time of after-school service is not earlier than the local normal off-duty time; For students with special needs, the school should provide delayed custody services; Junior high schools can set up self-study classes on weekdays. Schools can co-ordinate arrangements for teachers to implement the "flexible commuting system".

　　10. Improve the quality of after-school service. Schools should formulate after-school service implementation plans to enhance the attractiveness of after-school services. Make full use of after-school service time, guide students to finish their homework carefully, give remedial guidance and answer questions to students with learning difficulties, expand learning space for students with spare capacity, and carry out colorful popular science, style, art, labor, reading, interest groups and community activities. Do not use after-school service time to teach new lessons.

　　11. Expand after-school service channels. After-school services are generally undertaken by teachers in our school, and can also be provided by retired teachers, qualified social professionals or volunteers. The education department can organize outstanding teachers in the region to carry out after-school services in schools with weak teachers. Seriously investigate and punish teachers’ paid remedial classes outside the school according to the law and regulations, until they are disqualified from teaching. Make full use of social resources and give full play to the role of extracurricular activities such as children’s palace and youth activity center in after-school service.

　　12. Strengthen and improve the free online learning service. Education departments should collect and develop rich and high-quality online education and teaching resources, make use of national and local education and teaching resource platforms and high-quality school network platforms, and provide students with high-quality thematic education resources and learning resources covering all grades and disciplines free of charge, so as to promote the balanced development of educational resources and promote educational equity. All localities should actively create conditions and organize outstanding teachers to carry out free online interactive exchange and answer questions. Schools around the country should increase publicity and use, and guide students to make good use of free online quality education resources.

　　Four, adhere to strict governance, comprehensively regulate the behavior of off-campus training.

　　13. Adhere to strict examination and approval institutions. All localities will no longer approve new off-campus training institutions for students in compulsory education, and the existing discipline training institutions will be uniformly registered as non-profit institutions. The online discipline training institutions that were originally filed were changed to the examination and approval system. All provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) should conduct a comprehensive investigation of the online discipline training institutions that have been filed, and re-apply for examination and approval procedures according to the standards. If it fails to pass the examination and approval, the original registration and Internet information service business license (ICP) shall be cancelled. For non-disciplinary training institutions, all localities should distinguish between sports, culture, art, science and technology, clarify the corresponding competent departments, formulate standards by classification, and strictly examine and approve. Seriously investigate and deal with off-campus training institutions that do not have the corresponding qualifications and conduct training at multiple sites without approval according to laws and regulations. Discipline training institutions are not allowed to go public for financing, and capitalization operation is strictly prohibited; A listed company may not invest in discipline training institutions through stock market financing, and may not purchase the assets of discipline training institutions by issuing shares or paying cash. Foreign capital may not hold or participate in discipline training institutions through mergers and acquisitions, entrusted operations, joining chains or using variable interest entities. Those who have violated the rules should be cleaned up and rectified.

　　14. Standardize the training service behavior. Establish a training content filing and supervision system, and formulate measures for the management of training materials in off-campus training institutions. It is strictly forbidden to exceed the standard for advanced training, non-disciplinary training institutions to engage in disciplinary training, and it is strictly forbidden to provide overseas education courses. Resolutely investigate and deal with outstanding problems such as out-of-scope training, uneven quality of training, vulgar and illegal content, piracy and infringement. Strictly implement the relevant provisions of the law on the protection of minors, and off-campus training institutions shall not occupy national statutory holidays, rest days and cold and summer holidays to organize subject training. Training institutions shall not rob school teachers with high salaries; Personnel engaged in discipline training must have the corresponding teacher qualifications, and publish the teacher qualification information in a prominent position in the training institution and website; Personal information of parents and students shall not be disclosed. According to the market demand, training costs and other factors to determine the training institutions fees and standards, to the public, accept supervision. Comprehensive use of the "off-campus training service contract for primary and secondary school students (model text)". Further improve the normal investigation mechanism, timely grasp the situation and information of off-campus training institutions, and improve the "black and white list" system.

　　15. Strengthen normal operation supervision. Strictly control the excessive influx of capital into training institutions. The financing and fees of training institutions should be mainly used for training business operations. Unfair competition in the form of fictitious original prices, false discounts, false propaganda, etc. is resolutely prohibited, and monopoly behaviors in the industry are resolutely investigated and dealt with according to laws and regulations. Online training should pay attention to protecting students’ eyesight. Each class hour should not exceed 30 minutes, the course interval should not be less than 10 minutes, and the training should end no later than 21 o’clock. Actively explore the use of artificial intelligence technology to reasonably control students’ continuous online training time. Online training institutions are not allowed to provide and disseminate bad learning methods such as "taking photos and searching questions", which are inert to students’ thinking ability, affect students’ independent thinking and violate the laws of education and teaching. Hiring foreigners in China must comply with the relevant provisions of the state, and it is strictly forbidden to hire foreigners abroad to carry out training activities.

　　Five, vigorously improve the quality of education and teaching, to ensure that students learn well in school.

　　16. Promote the balanced development of compulsory education. All localities should consolidate the basic balanced achievements of compulsory education, actively carry out the creation of high-quality balanced compulsory education, promote the growth of new high-quality schools, and expand high-quality educational resources. Actively promote group-based education, school district governance and the construction of urban and rural school communities, fully stimulate the vitality of running schools, improve the overall level of running schools, and accelerate the narrowing of the educational level gap between urban and rural areas, regions and schools.

　　17. Improve the quality of classroom teaching. Education departments should guide schools to improve teaching management regulations, optimize teaching methods, strengthen teaching management, and improve students’ learning efficiency at school. Schools should start all the courses prescribed by the state, actively promote the connection between young and young sciences, help students prepare for admission, and teach strictly according to the curriculum standards at zero starting point, so as to ensure that students meet the academic quality standards prescribed by the state. Schools are not allowed to increase or decrease class hours at will, improve the difficulty and speed up the progress; Reduce the test pressure and improve the test methods, and there must be no behaviors such as preparing for the exam in advance, violating the rules, exceeding the test questions, and ranking the exams; Test scores are graded, and the tendency of only scores is resolutely overcome.

　　18. Deepen the reform of high school enrollment. All localities should actively improve the enrollment mode of high school students based on the examination results of junior high school academic level and comprehensive quality evaluation, and improve the examination methods and performance presentation methods according to the characteristics of different subjects. Adhere to the exam based on learning, further improve the quality of the senior high school entrance examination, and prevent problems such as off-topic, strange questions and exceeding the curriculum standards. Gradually increase the proportion of high-quality ordinary high school enrollment indicators allocated to junior high schools in the region, standardize the enrollment order of ordinary high schools, and eliminate illegal enrollment and vicious competition.

　　19. Incorporate into the quality evaluation system. Local party committees and governments at all levels should establish a correct view of political achievements, and it is strictly forbidden to issue entrance examination indicators or unilaterally evaluate schools and teachers by the rate of enrollment. Conscientiously implement the guidelines for the quality evaluation of compulsory education, incorporate the effect of "double reduction" into the quality evaluation of compulsory education in counties and schools, and take students’ participation in after-school services, off-campus training and the reduction of training expenses as important evaluation contents.

　　Six, strengthen the supporting governance, improve the ability to support.

　　20. Guarantee the after-school service conditions. All localities should, according to the size of students and the standards for the preparation of primary and secondary school faculty, make overall plans for the preparation of teachers. Provincial governments should formulate measures to ensure the funds for after-school services, clarify relevant standards, and adopt financial subsidies, service charges or fees on behalf of others to ensure that funds are raised in place. After-school service funds are mainly used for subsidies for teachers and related personnel who participate in after-school service. When approving the total performance pay, relevant departments should consider the factors of teachers’ participation in after-school service, and include the amount of funds for teachers’ after-school service subsidies as increments into performance pay and set up corresponding projects, not as the base for the normal approval of the total performance pay in the following year; To hire off-campus personnel to provide after-school services, after-school service subsidies can be managed according to labor costs. Teachers’ performance in after-school service should be taken as an important reference for job title evaluation, commendation and reward, and performance salary distribution.

　　21. Improve the cooperative mechanism between home and school. Further clarify the responsibility of home-school education, close communication between home and school, innovate collaborative methods, and promote the construction of collaborative education community. Education departments should, jointly with women’s federations and other departments, run parent schools or online family education guidance platforms, promote the construction of community family education guidance centers and service sites, guide parents to establish scientific parenting concepts, rationally determine children’s growth expectations, and strive to form a consensus on reducing burdens.

　　22. Do a good job in training advertising control. Relevant central departments, local party committees and governments at all levels should strengthen the management of off-campus training advertisements, and ensure that mainstream media, new media, public places, billboards and online platforms in residential areas do not publish or broadcast off-campus training advertisements. Commercial advertising activities shall not be carried out in primary and secondary schools and kindergartens, and advertisements shall not be published or disguised by using textbooks, supplementary materials, exercise books, stationery, teaching AIDS, school uniforms and school buses in primary and secondary schools and kindergartens. Seriously investigate and deal with all kinds of illegal and illegal advertising behaviors of off-campus training that exaggerate the training effect, mislead the public education concept and create parents’ anxiety according to the law and regulations.

　　Seven, do a solid job in pilot exploration, to ensure the steady progress of governance.

　　23. Clarify the requirements of the pilot work. While comprehensively carrying out the governance work, Beijing, Shanghai, Shenyang, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Zhengzhou, Changzhi, Weihai and Nantong are determined as national pilots, and at least one city in other provinces is selected to carry out the pilot. The pilot contents are listed in Articles 24, 25 and 26.

　　24. Resolutely reduce off-campus training in disciplines. Re-examine and register the existing discipline training institutions, gradually reduce them greatly, and solve the problem of excessive abuse; Seriously investigate and deal with institutions that have serious problems such as unqualified qualifications, chaotic management, taking the opportunity to collect money, false propaganda, and profit-making with schools.

　　25. Make rational use of resources inside and outside the school. Encourage qualified schools to provide students with interest-based after-school service activities in their spare time for students to choose to participate. After-school service can’t meet the special needs of some students, such as developing interests and specialties. Non-discipline off-campus training institutions can be introduced to participate in after-school service, and the education department is responsible for organizing the selection for schools to choose and use, and an evaluation and withdrawal mechanism should be established to resolutely cancel the training qualification for training institutions that have problems such as low service level, maliciously recruiting students at school, failing to provide services according to regulations, disrupting school education and enrollment order.

　　26. Strengthen the supervision of training fees. Adhere to the public welfare nature of off-campus training, give full consideration to its characteristics involving people’s livelihood, incorporate the fees for off-campus training in compulsory education into the government-guided price management, scientifically and reasonably determine the pricing method, clarify the charging standards, and resolutely curb excessive fees and excessive profit-seeking behavior. Through third-party custody, risk reserve, etc., risk management and control are carried out on the pre-paid fees of off-campus training institutions, and the supervision of loans in the training field is strengthened to effectively prevent problems such as "difficulty in refunding fees" and "running away with money".

　　Eight, carefully organized and implemented, in order to achieve practical results.

　　27. Fully deploy the system. To strengthen the party’s leadership over the work of "double reduction", the party committees and governments of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) should regard the work of "double reduction" as a major livelihood project, put it on the important agenda, incorporate it into the key tasks of the leading group for education work of provincial party committees (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), and refine and improve measures in light of local conditions to ensure the implementation of the work of "double reduction". Party organizations in schools should conscientiously do a good job in teachers’ ideological work and fully mobilize the enthusiasm and creativity of teachers. Off-campus training institutions should strengthen their own party building work and give play to the role of party organizations as fighting fortresses.

　　28. Clear departmental responsibilities. The education department should do a good job in overall planning and coordination, strengthen the daily supervision of off-campus training institutions in conjunction with relevant departments, and guide schools to do a good job in "double reduction"; Propaganda and online information departments should strengthen public opinion propaganda and guidance, and online information departments should cooperate with education, industry and information departments to do a good job in online off-campus training supervision; The institutional establishment department should make up the teacher establishment for primary and secondary schools in time; The development and reform department shall, jointly with the departments of finance and education, formulate standards for after-school service or fees, and jointly with the departments of education, formulate guiding policies for fees of off-campus training institutions in pilot areas; The financial department should strengthen the funding guarantee for after-school services; Human resources and social security departments should do a good job in the verification of teachers’ performance pay; Civil affairs departments should do a good job in the registration of discipline training institutions; Market supervision departments should do a good job in the registration of non-disciplinary training institutions and the supervision of fees, advertising and anti-monopoly of off-campus training institutions, intensify law enforcement inspections, and seriously investigate and deal with illegal training behaviors in conjunction with the education departments according to laws and regulations; Political and legal departments should do a good job in maintaining harmony and stability; Public security departments should strengthen public security management according to law, jointly carry out intelligence information collection, judgment, early warning and prevention, and do a good job in emergency response to related stability-related incidents; The People’s Bank of China, the Banking Insurance Regulatory Commission and the Securities Regulatory Commission are responsible for guiding banks and other institutions to do a good job in pre-charge risk control of off-campus training institutions, and clean up and rectify the financing and listing of training institutions; Other relevant departments shall take responsibility according to their respective responsibilities and do a good job in implementation.

　　29. Jointly carry out special governance actions. Establish a special coordination mechanism for the work of "double reduction" and focus on organizing special governance actions. Set up a special working mechanism for coordination mechanism in the Ministry of Education, do a good job in overall coordination and strengthen guidance for local work. All provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) should improve the working mechanism, establish special working institutions, and define the road map, timetable and responsible persons of special governance actions in accordance with the objectives and tasks of "double reduction". Highlight key points, key links, weak areas, key targets, etc., and carry out comprehensive investigation and rectification. For violations of laws and regulations, severe punishment should be imposed according to the law and regulations, forming a warning shock.

　　30. Strengthen supervision and inspection and publicity and guidance. The implementation of the "double reduction" work and its actual results will be regarded as an important part of supervision and supervision, special rectification that ignores the interests of the masses, and supervision and evaluation of the government’s performance of educational duties. The establishment of accountability mechanism, the responsibility is not implemented, the measures are not in place, departments, schools and related responsible persons should be seriously investigated according to the law and regulations. All localities should set up supervision platforms and special reporting telephones to smooth the channels of supervision and reporting by the masses. All provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) should sum up the good experiences and good practices in the work of "double reduction" in a timely manner, and do a good job in publicity and promotion. The news media should adhere to the correct direction of public opinion and create a good social atmosphere.

　　While doing a good job in the "double reduction" of students in compulsory education, all localities should also co-ordinate the management of off-campus training for preschool children aged 3 to 6 and ordinary high school students, and must not carry out online training for preschool children. It is strictly forbidden to carry out offline discipline (including foreign languages) training for preschool children in the name of preschool classes, young bridging classes and thinking training classes. No longer approve new off-campus training institutions for preschool children and discipline-based off-campus training institutions for ordinary high school students. The management of discipline training institutions for ordinary senior high school students shall be implemented with reference to the relevant provisions of this opinion.

Analysis on the development of military biological crossover technology in the world

"Source of this article: Global Technology Map"
At present, the development speed of military biological crossover technology in the world is obviously accelerated. The National Academy of Sciences, the Academy of Engineering and the Medical College of the United States released the report "Protecting Bio-economy", and looked forward to the development trend and related risks of bio-cross-economy. RAND Corporation of the United States released the report Brain-Computer Interface: Preliminary Assessment of Military Application and Impact, exploring the current and future operational value, related weaknesses and risks of brain-computer interface technology, and the policy norms that should be formulated before technology deployment. The European Commission issued the report "Cross-technology Development in Life Sciences", aiming at guiding and promoting cross-technology development in biological sciences. Russia and many countries in the Asia-Pacific region attach importance to the development of military biological cross-technology.
Countries actively explore new concepts and technologies of biological computing.
Biocomputing is the basic enabling technology to promote the innovation of military bio-crossover technology at present.. With the support of large-scale and multi-type data and information storage, management, acquisition and computing technology, bio-computing technology provides necessary and efficient data support for military biological cross-technology innovation. The military powers led by the United States and Russia are promoting the research of biochip and bio-storage technology through a number of projects.
Russia cooperates with many countries to propose a new concept of biochip.In June, 2020, Lobachevsky State University, in cooperation with scientists from many countries, put forward the concept of "memory-resistive neural hybrid chip", which can be used in compact biosensors and neuroprostheses. This concept is a prospective solution based on the combination of nerve cells and microfluidic technology, which makes it possible to implant a "spatially ordered active neural network".
The United States uses silk protein to realize high-capacity biological storage.In August 2020, the State University of New York at Stony Brook cooperated with the University of Texas at Austin and other universities to realize the high-capacity biological storage technology based on silk protein. This storage technology takes natural silk protein with good biocompatibility, easy functionalization and controllable degradation rate as information storage medium, and near-field infrared nano-lithography technology as digital information writing method.
The practical degree of biosensing technology is constantly improving.
Biosensing is a technology that uses sensors sensitive to biological substances to convert the concentration of substances into electrical signals for detection. It mainly realizes three functions of feeling, observing and reacting, and is widely used in medicine, biochip, environmental detection, military monitoring and other fields. The United States and other military science and technology powers are making great efforts to promote biosensor technology to be practical.
The United States developed new biosensor materials to detect environmental changes in real time.In June, 2020, researchers at Tufts University in the United States printed a high-precision biosensor structure with biological activity on a wearable substrate, so as to carry out real-time localized detection of biomolecules. When the surrounding environment changes or releases specific molecules, the sensing material with biological activity can react with it, thus changing color.
DARPA continues to promote the water biosensor project to monitor underwater areas.In September 2020, the DARPA Persistent Aquatic Biosensor (PALS) project entered the second phase, which is expected to last until November 2021. The project was announced in February 2018, aiming at developing a new sensor system to detect, record and interpret the behaviors of marine organisms such as Epinephelus, so as to identify, characterize and report manned/unmanned submersibles operating in strategic waters. This technology will enhance the capabilities of the existing hardware-based maritime surveillance system in the United States, and greatly expand the scope, sensitivity and life span of the US military’s underwater surveillance capabilities.
DARPA set up bionic coastal protection project to strengthen coastal base.In June, 2021, DARPA added a bionic coastal protection project to its application budget in FY, 2022. Based on the technology accumulated by the persistent aquatic biosensor project, this project aims to develop a sustainable coral reef structure with a mixture of man-made and biological materials, and provide protection for American bases in low-lying coastal areas.
The popularity of brain-computer interface technology has soared, and frontier breakthroughs have continued to emerge.
Brain-computer interface (BCI) refers to the technology of creating direct connection between human or animal brain and external equipment to realize information interaction between brain and equipment.Brain-computer interface (BCI) has been highly concerned by major military powers and innovative enterprises in the world in recent years because of its subversive military use and pioneering medical use, and has achieved a series of breakthrough results.
The United States uses tiny wires to transmit EEG signals.In March 2020, researchers at Stanford University in the United States developed a new device that can directly connect the brain to a silicon chip. The device inserts a bundle of tiny wires thinner than human hair into the brain and connects the wires directly to an external silicon chip, which can record the EEG signals transmitted through each wire. Compared with the existing equipment, this equipment can record more data and is less invasive. The researchers tested on rat retinal cells and got meaningful signals.
The United States transmits visual information through the brain-computer interface to help the blind recover their vision.In May, 2020, the research team of Baylor Medical College in the United States published a research achievement in the top international journal Cell. Through the brain-computer interface technology, dynamic current was used to stimulate the cerebral cortex, and visual information was directly transmitted to the brain to help blind patients bypass the damaged eyes and nerves and restore their vision.
The US Air Force uses brain-computer interface to extract brain signals to determine the learning state of human brain.In October 2020, the US Air Force Research Laboratory announced that it would jointly develop a "personalized neural learning system" with Microsoft Research Institute, MIT Lincoln Lab and other industry partners to create an interface between the human brain and the computer, and determine the learning state of the human brain by extracting brain signals and other physiological data in real time, so as to improve the ability of pilots to learn and make decisions quickly and effectively.
The United States completed the experiment of human using wireless high-bandwidth brain-computer interface for the first time.In April, 2021, researchers from Brown University in the United States demonstrated the first time that humans used high-bandwidth wireless brain-computer interface. The system can transmit brain signals with single neuron resolution and full broadband fidelity without physical binding with the decoding system. This is an important step towards a fully implantable brain-computer interface system.
The American Neural Connection Company successfully conducted an experiment in which monkeys played games through an invasive brain-computer interface.In April, 2021, the neural connection company founded by elon musk showed a scene in which a monkey played video games through the brain-computer interface system LINKV0.9. The system has the advantages of small volume, small rejection reaction, large number of signal acquisition channels, wireless communication and charging, and high practicality, which lays the foundation for accelerating the research and development of practical "brain control" system. It is expected that the device can be used to solve many nervous system problems, such as memory loss, stroke and addiction, etc. At present, it has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and is expected to carry out human trials in the short term. Prior to this, in August 2020, Neural Connection Company implanted an invasive brain-computer interface system into the pig’s brain and obtained clear EEG signals.
The United States uses brain-computer interface to transmit text information, which is comparable to normal typing.In May, 2021, researchers at Stanford University developed a new brain-computer interface, which can convert the imaginary "handwriting" in human brain into screen text with an accuracy rate of over 99%. The device can accurately convert 90 characters per minute, which is comparable to normal handwriting or typing on a smart phone, and more than double the speed of typing with eye tracking system.
Analysis on the development characteristics of military biological crossover technology
Military biological crossing technology is the strategic commanding height of future science and technology.At present, the four scientific problems recognized in the world include the origin of life, the essence of consciousness, the material structure and the evolution of the universe. The military biological crossing technology is closely related to the first two, and it is the strategic commanding height that the world military powers have made efforts to seize. In the future, the military bio-crossing technology will refer to the operation mode of biological organisms, and realize the meaningful analysis of advanced neurological functions such as semi-synthesis of life, efficient utilization of life components and cognitive memory thinking. Synthetic organisms with strategic monitoring, autonomous control and other national defense application values will become a hot spot in laboratory research, and technologies such as brain reading, brain imitation, brain control and brain control will be applied in specific scenarios.
The military biological crossover technology will develop rapidly in the future.As an important source of military subversive technological breakthrough, military biological crossover technology is developing in the direction of great integration, great crossover and great breakthrough, especially after being combined with methods and tools such as machine learning, artificial intelligence, high-performance computing, micro-nano manufacturing and cognitive nerve, military biological crossover technology has entered a period of development and strategic opportunity, and will have great application value in the military field. At present, key technologies of defense, which has become the key investment of the world’s military powers, is constantly giving birth to new operational styles and concepts, which will have an important impact on the generation of military capabilities and the transformation of war forms in the future.
Analysis on the development characteristics of military biological crossover technology
Military biological crossing technology is the strategic commanding height of future science and technology. At present, the four scientific problems recognized in the world include the origin of life, the essence of consciousness, the material structure and the evolution of the universe. The military biological crossing technology is closely related to the first two, and it is the strategic commanding height that the world military powers have made efforts to seize. In the future, the military bio-crossing technology will refer to the operation mode of biological organisms, and realize the meaningful analysis of advanced neurological functions such as semi-synthesis of life, efficient utilization of life components and cognitive memory thinking. Synthetic organisms with strategic monitoring, autonomous control and other national defense application values will become a hot spot in laboratory research, and technologies such as brain reading, brain imitation, brain control and brain control will be applied in specific scenarios.
The military biological crossover technology will develop rapidly in the future. As an important source of military subversive technological breakthrough, military biological crossover technology is developing in the direction of great integration, great crossover and great breakthrough, especially after being combined with methods and tools such as machine learning, artificial intelligence, high-performance computing, micro-nano manufacturing and cognitive nerve, military biological crossover technology has entered a period of development and strategic opportunity, and will have great application value in the military field. At present, key technologies of defense, which has become the key investment of the world’s military powers, is constantly giving birth to new operational styles and concepts, which will have an important impact on the generation of military capabilities and the transformation of war forms in the future.
Military biological cross technology will become a new military scientific and technological force in the future. New concept biological weapons, such as neuroscience and brain science, biosensing and bio-computing, bionic materials and bionic machinery, are rising rapidly, which can improve or weaken the situation awareness, decision-making evaluation and combat function of combat subjects to meet the new requirements of military science and technology for precision warfare and soft killing under the information war. In the future, the military bio-crossover technology will play an important role in many fields, such as target identification of new weapons and equipment, judgment of friends and enemies, intelligent directional weapons reconnaissance and monitoring sensors, energy supply of logistics support equipment, development of large-scale biological computers, wearable devices for future soldiers, life tissue repair and battlefield rescue.
Disclaimer:This article is transferred from military abstracts. The content of the article is the author’s personal opinion, and this WeChat official account reprint is only for sharing and conveying different opinions. If you have any objections, please contact us!
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Transferred from a military digest
Editor Zheng Shi
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International Institute of Technology and Economics (IITE) was established in November 1985. It is a non-profit research institution affiliated to the State Council Development Research Center. Its main function is to study major policy, strategic and forward-looking issues in China’s economic, technological and social development, track and analyze the world’s technological and economic development trends, and provide decision-making consulting services for the central government and relevant ministries. "Global Technology Map" is the official WeChat account of the International Institute of Technology and Economics, which is dedicated to delivering cutting-edge technical information and scientific and technological innovation insights to the public.
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The original application of AI big model out of the ＂bubble period＂ began in 2024？

Since the advent of ChatGPT at the end of 2022, the upsurge of AI big model in the technology industry has swept the world. In 2023, global technology giants all increased their layout, aiming to occupy a leading position in this round of scientific and technological revolution initiated by AI big model.

In this context, China’s science and technology enterprises quickly follow up. According to the data of CCID Research Institute of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, there are more than 19 language model research and development manufacturers in China. Among them, the model products of 15 manufacturers have passed the record. It is estimated that the market size of large language models in China will reach 13.23 billion yuan this year, with a growth rate of 110%.

In fact, AI technology has been developed for many years, and the reason why the popularity has risen rapidly in 2023 lies in the changes brought about by the increase in computation.

When AI Go defeated human players, the parameter scale of Google Bert was 300 million; After 2020, GPT-3 was born, and the parameter order has crossed to 175 billion; Iterating to GPT-4, the parameters continue to multiply, reaching about 1.8 trillion.

When the amount of calculation reaches the 22 nd power of 10, the model capacity will complete a leap from quantitative change to qualitative change, showing an amazing explosive growth.

With the expansion of the parameter scale, since the second half of the year, the subversive influence of technology has gradually penetrated into the industry and reconstructed the traditional industrial form and mode. Gartner predicts that by 2026, more than 80% of enterprises will use generative artificial intelligence APIs and models in production or deploy generative artificial intelligence applications.

And 2024 is the year when the application of AI big model broke out. Recently, Fu Sheng, Chairman and CEO of Cheetah Mobile and Chairman of Orion Star, said at the 2023 Exploration Conference that there will be many applications in the future, such as Didi, Meituan Takeaway in the era of mobile smartphones, which have not appeared in the past.

Image source: vision china

Competition and elimination

IT is generally believed in the industry that the AI big model era is another new era full of opportunities and possibilities after the IT era and the mobile Internet era. From a global perspective, all parts of the world are actively promoting the development and application of large models, among which the total number of general large models released by the United States and China accounts for 80% of the global release.

Following the footsteps of ChatGPT, major enterprises and institutions have joined the big model competition in succession, including Internet giants such as Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent, AI field manufacturers such as Shangtang Technology and Defiance Technology, big model start-ups such as Zhipu Huazhang, Baichuan Intelligent and Daguan Data, and universities and institutions such as Fudan University and Tsinghua University. According to public information, as of October this year, 238 large models have been released in China.

In the new big model competition, startups and big manufacturers have their own advantages. With years of accumulation and a large number of users, large manufacturers can obtain massive user data and feedback, but first-line startups usually have innovative technologies and business models, and there is also the possibility of rapid technology iteration. As Wang Xiaochuan, founder and CEO of Baichuan Intelligent, said, "Small innovation depends on big factories, while big innovation still depends on small factories".

In the "SuperCLUE Chinese Big Model Benchmark Evaluation Report, 2023", the average score difference between the big model of the big factory and the startup company is about 1 point, which is almost the same.

However, the capability gap between domestic and foreign big models still exists. "The gap between us and OpenAI is widening, not narrowing." Xiao Yanghua, a professor at the School of Computer Science and Technology of Fudan University, said.

In SuperCLUE evaluation, GPT4-Turbo is far ahead with a total score of 89.79, which is higher than all domestic large models and foreign representative large models. The big model with the highest score in China is ERNIE Bot 4.0, but it is still 15.77 points away from GPT4-Turbo.

"At present, the ability level of the mainstream big models in China is basically around GPT3.5." Wu Wei, an extraordinary capital partner, told 21st century business herald that in his view, the gap was more than half a year.

The core barriers of the big model include computing power, data and algorithm, so it is also the aspect where the gap is concentrated. Xu Dongliang, CTO of Du Xiaoman, said at the annual meeting of 2023 Financial Street Forum that only a few enterprises can complete industrial-level R&D from beginning to end.

Computational power is the cornerstone of large model training. Nowadays, the model parameters increase exponentially, and the calculation power required for training is huge. It costs tens of millions of dollars to train a large general model of 100 billion levels. At present, among the large models published in China, there are only about 10 manufacturers whose parameter scale reaches 100 billion or more.

Under the latest round of blockade and sanctions imposed by the United States, the demand for domestic alternatives is more urgent. But for a long time, chip and computing power will still be a huge gap between domestic big models and ChatGPT.

"Every company in China has to do it, which will create a problem. Each company does its own, but each company has limited data and computing power, and there is not much money to support research and development, and it is doing some very basic and repetitive things." Qiu Xipeng, a professor at Fudan University School of Computer Science and the head of Moss system, said in an interview with 21st century business herald.

With the continuous catching-up of domestic big models, the competitive pattern of the industry will also change. At present, the big model industry is still in the bubble period, and companies with technical strength don’t want to be left behind by the tide of the times, trying to catch up by training their own big models, so there is a hundred-model war and a thousand-model war. When the industry enters a mature stage, only a few enterprises can truly empower the industry, and the value can be precipitated after the bubble is squeezed out.

"In the future, large models will gradually show the trend of oligarchy, because in the case of limited computing power and too homogeneous large models, computing power resources and data resources will be concentrated in the future, and some large models with low value will gradually be eliminated." Li Qing, director of Sullivan Greater China, told the 21st century business herald reporter.

It is generally believed in the industry that only a few giants will win in the general model.

"The eliminated big model enterprises will not disappear, and they may find their own opportunities, such as making multi-modal big models or big models in certain industries." Wu Wei told reporters.

Since the second half of the year, the market’s enthusiasm for big models has dropped significantly compared with that at the beginning of the year. In the industry’s view, this is nothing more than the embodiment that the market overestimates the short-term impact and underestimates the long-term potential of new technologies. From another point of view, when the new technology disenchants, various problems gradually appear in the process of landing, and the excessive expectation for the big model is also in the process of becoming rational.

Application and commercialization

When the competition in the industry intensifies, the application of large-scale model has become the focus of attention of all parties.

In the research report of Gen AI ARC Survey in August 2023, IDC pointed out that among enterprises with more than 5,000 employees, 80% believe that generative AI will subvert their business in the next 18 months.

"The big model should never stay in the alchemy stage. We should promote it to become a scientific big model. Only by deep integration with the industry can we truly achieve sustainable development." Xiao Yanghua said.

The first is the transformation from a general large model to a vertical large model. Some industry views believe that the future development of large models will tend to be both general and specialized.

In June this year, Tencent Cloud officially announced the research and development progress of the industry model for the first time, and released Tencent Cloud MaaS service solutions for B-end customers. In July this year, Huawei released Pangu Big Model 3.0, which is "Do not write poems but do things", and deeply cultivated government affairs, finance, manufacturing, coal mines, railways, pharmaceuticals, meteorology and other industries. In addition, the tourism-oriented "Ctrip Asking", the medical-oriented Baidu "Spiritual Doctor" model and the education-oriented Netease "Zi Yue" model were also released in the second half of the year.

Among them, the financial industry is rich in application scenarios, and it is the earliest institution to carry out digital transformation, and it has become one of the best scenarios for the application of AI big models. The financial industry has accumulated a huge amount of data, including financial transaction data and customer information, and a good data foundation provides conditions for the landing application of AI big model. At present, two financial models, generation and decision-making, have been implemented in banks, securities and other financial institutions.

"How to match your business and business scenarios with the logic of AI, and how to seek AI value innovation, not just from the perspective of efficiency, may be a problem that needs to be considered in the current promotion." Li Qing said, "If you can’t use the big model flexibly, or you can’t fully adapt to your own business scenarios, it may be difficult to fully achieve the purpose of reducing costs and increasing efficiency to a certain extent."

For the latecomers, the opportunity of the big model lies in the application. AI native application based on large model technology is regarded as a path that will really ignite the industry. Wu Wei told reporters that from the perspective of investors, it is also more optimistic about startups with large model applications.

Li Yanhong, founder, chairman and CEO of Baidu, recently said at a round-table event that the Hundred Models War is a waste of social resources, and more resources should be put on super applications. At the Xili Lake Forum in November, he also said, "In the AI ​ ​ native era, we need 1 million AI native applications, but we don’t need 100 large models." At the scene of Baidu World 2023, Baidu took the lead in throwing out more than ten AI native applications.

The prosperity of new technologies must be the prosperity of applications, such as the wonderful duck camera that uploads 20 photos to generate real photos, and the Pika that can generate high-quality videos by inputting a few keywords. These hot innovative products have opened a new door for AI entrepreneurship. It is generally believed in the industry that native applications can incite greater commercial value and are the symbol of human beings entering the AI era.

They have the ability to integrate large models based on the original products, and also have scene-based applications that re-load large models. "At present, we see that many applications have chosen the second one." Li Qing told reporters.

He believes that the regulatory level may give some space. "When the big model first came out, because its understanding and future applications were relatively vague, strict strategies were adopted at first. Later, with the birth of applications and differences at home and abroad, the regulatory level may give appropriate flexible space to support the development of the industry."

Unfortunately, until the end of the year, there was still no AI application that continued to be popular in China. Even the wonderful duck camera, which was a smash hit, gradually faded out of public view only two months after it was launched, due to repeated payment and insufficient user stickiness. In Wu Wei’s view, the business model of domestic large-scale model application still needs to be explored. In contrast, overseas markets have greater opportunities. "The monthly income of similar overseas applications has exceeded one million dollars."

However, such problems should not be rushed. The high use cost of large models, the illusion of their own existence, and the lack of willingness to pay in the market are all reasons that limit the development of applications, and the solutions of these problems are advancing in the ever-changing changes.

Some people in the industry believe that the prosperous AI native application ecology needs three elements: large model, intelligent computing power and new paradigm of AI native application research and development to complement each other. Others believe that the starting point of AI native application will be in 2024. To be sure, the outbreak will take time, but the future of AI application is worth looking forward to.

Wenzhou ＂superman＂, leading the country! What are the mobile Internet of Things ＂connected＂？

Xiaobu learned from the Municipal Bureau of Economic and Information that the first Mobile Internet of Things Conference held recently released the list of leading cities in the mobile Internet of Things in 2022, and 15 cities across the country were selected, and Wenzhou was among them.

name

word

solve

explain

01

Mobile internet of things

Mobile Internet of Things is a ubiquitous digital information infrastructure based on cellular mobile communication technology and network, which realizes the interconnection and connection of everything through multi-network collaboration. It is an important part of new infrastructure.

02

"superman"

"Things Superman" means that the number of mobile Internet of Things terminal users representing "things" connection exceeds the number of mobile phone users representing "people" connection.

According to the data of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, as of the end of August, the number of mobile Internet of Things connections in China reached 1.698 billion, and the number of mobile phone users representing "people-to-people" connections was 1.678 billion. This transcendence means that China has officially entered the era of "material superman" and become the first country in the world’s major economies to achieve "material superman".

temperature

state

Mobile Internet of Things in 2022

"Superman" leads the city

Photo by Li Zhengong of Ouyue Bridge

In recent years, the development of Wenzhou Mobile Internet of Things has shown a good trend and achieved solid results. At present, there are 27.38 million mobile Internet of Things terminal users in Wenzhou, 14.73 million more than 12.65 million mobile phone users, accounting for 68.4% of the total mobile users.

Industry development

Relying on platforms such as Zhengtai (Yueqing) Internet of Things Sensor Industrial Park, South Zhejiang Science and Technology City Digital Economy (Internet of Things) Innovation Service Complex, and Zhejiang Mobile Internet of Things (Wenzhou) Base, Wenzhou’s smart electrical, smart auto parts, smart pump valves, smart locks and other industries have developed rapidly, and the scale of the Internet of Things industry has continued to grow, with 47 core manufacturing enterprises of Internet of Things exceeding 100 million yuan, achieving an annual output value of about 26 billion yuan.

Photo courtesy of Yueqing in Zhengtai Internet of Things Sensor Industrial Park

Network construction

The city has built more than 19,000 5G base stations, with 19.8 5G base stations per 10,000 people, achieving 100% coverage of administrative villages. Provincial industrial parks, small and micro enterprise parks, township industrial parks and village-level industrial clusters, as well as key areas such as airports and scenic spots, have high-quality coverage of 5G networks, and the coverage rate of Gigabit optical fiber networks has reached 150.00%.

Photo courtesy of Yungu Longwan in southern Zhejiang

Industrial application

Wenzhou focuses on exploring the scene application of mobile Internet of Things in the field of intelligent manufacturing, and has built 58 industrial Internet platforms, 50 "5G+ Industrial Internet" projects under construction, 241 manufacturing enterprises cultivating on the cloud, and 6 provincial manufacturing enterprises cultivating on the cloud. At the same time, in the fields of cultural tourism, medical and health care, urban transportation, government services, etc., a number of demonstration applications of the Internet of Things have emerged, such as nearly 4 million pieces of self-service terminals in Ou E Office.

Photo courtesy of Zhejiang Tianzheng Electric Co., Ltd. "Workshop Intelligent Scheduling" Project by the Municipal Economic and Information Bureau

In the next step, Wenzhou will further implement the upgraded version of the "No.1 Project" of the digital economy, closely follow the opportunity of the mobile Internet of Things "Superman" leading city, deepen the construction of gigabit cities, jointly promote the construction and development of 5G and Gigabit optical networks, consolidate the network foundation of mobile Internet of Things, deepen the construction of information consumption demonstration cities, promote the close integration of mobile Internet of Things technology with industry and urban development, implement product R&D design and technological innovation strategies, and promote the synergy and integration of enterprises, universities and scientific research institutions.

Original title: "Wenzhou" superman ",leading the country! What are the mobile Internet of Things "connected"? 》

Lotus, sugar cane, papaya … Many southern fruits are planted here in winter. Come and have a look!

Kebai Technology’s newly built 30,000-square-meter large-scale intelligent multi-span glass greenhouse for Internet of Things.
Kebai Technology, located in Yangzhuang Town, Laiwu District, Jinan City, Shandong Province, is a smart agricultural company. They used smart agriculture to realize large-scale successful planting of various southern fruits in the north. A few days ago, the mass newspaper and rural mass reporters visited it and felt the shock brought by smart agriculture at close range.
Scientific research achievements have landed,
Jianqi wisdom industrial park
"Our park is a practical application exhibition base for the practical production of smart agriculture. The planned total investment of the park is 650 million yuan, and now it is mainly divided into two parts. Together, it is an agricultural big data center, and together it is a 20,000-mu precision and digital agricultural planting park. There are several types of new greenhouses here. Some are earth-back-wall greenhouses suitable for areas with low temperature or large temperature difference between day and night, some are new material greenhouses that can effectively save land space, and there are high-standard plexiglass greenhouses. It can basically represent the greenhouses needed by various geographical features in China. I will take you to the scene later. " On November 25, in the office of Jinan Kebai Smart Agriculture Industrial Park, Liu Xinyuan, the chief agronomist of the park, pointed to a row of greenhouses not far away and said with a smile.
Following the guidance of Liu Xinyuan, the reporter looked out, and the original thick and neatly arranged greenhouses were indeed different.
Liu Xinyuan introduced that although these greenhouses are different in materials and styles, they have one thing in common. They have all installed various agricultural Internet of Things detection and control equipment produced by Kebai, all of which use wireless detection, wireless transmission and wireless control to implement automatic management and operation of agricultural Internet of Things.
"To build these greenhouses with different styles, our purpose is to apply all kinds of high-tech data achievements in the laboratory to production, so that smart agriculture can blossom and bear fruit wherever it goes. Let the world have no crops that are difficult to grow. " Liu Xinyuan walked towards the greenhouse with the reporter and said confidently.
Smart agriculture helps,
South guoaishang north di
While speaking, Liu Xinyuan took the reporter into a common winter warm shed in the north. A damp and warm air came to my face, and the fruit trees in the shed were lush and shiny.
The expansion piece in Liu Xinyuan’s mobile phone is full of a tree of lotus mist, which is really gratifying to watch.
"This shed covers an area of 1.5 mu, and 68 red emerald lotus trees have been planted, all of which are seedlings from Guangdong. Although the planting range has moved to the north by 14 latitudes, we can accurately control the most suitable environment for the growth of lotus fog in the greenhouse by leveraging Kebai’s agricultural special Internet of Things automation management and agricultural big data cloud platform. It is better to ensure that the lotus leaves bear fruit many times a year, and the yield and quality are higher than those in the south. " Liu Xinyuan said that he opened the photo album of his mobile phone and opened a photo. I saw a lotus tree full of fruits, one by one like a red lantern is gratifying.
"You see, this is the tree in the photo. From March this year, the first crop of buds has been planted, and by the end of August, two crops have been planted, each with 40 to 50 kilograms. You sweep this, and all the information of this lotus mist can be seen. " Liu Xinyuan pointed to a small two-dimensional code card hanging on the tree.
Where did all this information come from?
Liu Xinyuan pointed out the detection and control facilities installed in several places in the greenhouse for the reporter to see.
The greenhouse is covered with various monitors to provide technical support for the growth of lotus fog.
It turns out that there are many secret weapons hidden in the greenhouse, which are the infrastructure of Kebai Agricultural Internet of Things and Agricultural Big Data Cloud Platform.
There are various clips on the leaves and stems of a lotus tree. Liu Xinyuan said that this is a sensor for monitoring plant growth, which can monitor leaf temperature and humidity, fruit diameter and stem growth in real time and interpret plant growth. Compare under what environment, plants grow fastest and fruits grow fastest. In addition, meteorological sensors are installed in the park to monitor air temperature and humidity, rainfall, wind speed and direction, carbon dioxide, etc. Soil and air sensors are also installed in the shed to obtain the real temperature, moisture, humidity, PH value and EC value of the soil and the air temperature and humidity.
The data collected by these sensors will be uploaded to the agricultural big data cloud platform through the wireless transmission system using the 5G base station. After analysis and calculation, a most suitable model for plant growth will be formed. Once this mode is determined, once there is a deviation between the real-time environment in the shed and the mode environment, the system will automatically give instructions to adjust the real-time environment to the best through measures such as ventilation, water spraying, watering and fertilization.
"It is with these guarantees that we can ensure the healthy growth of southern fruits in the north, and the yield per mu is higher than that in the south and the quality is good." Liu Xinyuan proudly said that there are 19 such sheds in their park, totaling 200 mu, plus a glass multi-span greenhouse that is not fully put into use and covers an area of 30,000 square meters. It only takes eight people to manage these.
I didn’t see the lotus mist hanging fruit, and the reporter and his party were a little lost. Liu Xinyuan invited us to see some more sheds. "I’ll show you the results of papaya and lemon in those sheds."
Liu Xinyuan told reporters that papaya grows from below, which is the photo of him and the first batch of papaya this year.
Walking into the papaya shed, everyone immediately got excited. I saw a papaya forest with fruitful results. The reporter roughly counted that an ordinary papaya here can bear hundreds of papaya, and the papaya here has three or four kilograms after maturity, and the output is amazing.
Liu Xinyuan introduced that in recent years, there has been a small upsurge of planting southern fruits in the north, but due to some objective factors, at present, many growers and parks can only introduce several common general southern fruits. However, with the help of smart agriculture and big data of the Internet of Things, Kebai Smart Park has successfully planted nearly ten kinds of southern characteristic fruits such as lotus, litchi, papaya, longan, lemon and sugarcane on a large scale.
The sugar cane planted in the park can be cut down, which is especially sweet.
Subvert traditional agriculture,
Make agricultural production lighter, simpler and more efficient
"Planting in the south and planting in the north must be a minority. Our goal is to apply smart agriculture to traditional agriculture, especially local leading industries, so that agricultural production is lighter, simpler and more efficient." Walking out of the south fruit and north planting greenhouse, Liu Xinyuan took us to a ginger field that was harvested soon.
Laiwu is a famous ginger producing area in China. This year, Liu Xinyuan led his team to apply smart agriculture to ginger production.
Outside this 3-acre open-air ginger field, there stands an iron guy, and the wind leaves on it are whirring. Cao Yaopeng, a big data agronomist in charge of digital planting management in the park, introduced that this is a scientific and technological equipment integrating weather stations and micro-base stations of the Internet of Things. Including the data in the Nanguo North Seed Greenhouse that I just visited, were uploaded through it.
This year, Liu Xinyuan led his team to apply smart agriculture to ginger production.
Walking into Jiangtian, I saw water and fertilizer integrated facilities on the ground, and more than ten wireless sensors were inserted in the soil. The air temperature and humidity, air pressure, carbon dioxide, water and fertilizer in Jiangtian will transmit data to the big data center through sensors. The system will automatically give instructions for watering, fertilizing and shading according to the most suitable growth parameters of ginger. If there are signs of pests and diseases, an early warning will be issued.
"Ginger is shade-tolerant, but it also needs plenty of light. The automatic sunshade net erected above Jiangtian will be automatically opened or closed according to the data comparison. " Cao Yaopeng said, "The whole process takes a short time, only about ten minutes, which is very convenient."
Said, Cao Yaopeng opened the mobile app to demonstrate the automatic opening and closing of the sunshade net for us. "When there are crops in the field, we don’t need human operation, and the sunshade net will automatically open and close according to data analysis. Now these 3 acres of ginger fields, except for sowing and harvesting, have all been automated. "
3 acres of ginger fields, what is the output?
"The average yield per mu is 12,500 Jin, which is 20% higher than that of traditional local planting. Moreover, according to the detection data of the Internet of Things, accurate management is carried out, and pests and diseases are prevented in advance according to the early warning, and the produced ginger is very safe. " The application of smart agriculture to ginger production was a great success for the first time, which made Liu Xinyuan look forward to helping more ginger farmers to simplify production in the future.
After the automatic control mode of ginger is determined, after the ginger farmers install relevant facilities in the ginger field, farmers only need to check the field environment at home and on their mobile phones, and combine the planting suggestions provided by the Agricultural Big Data Center to remotely control various agricultural equipment such as water and fertilizer irrigation and shading in the park. Ginger seeds can be easily planted.
It is noon to leave Kebai Technology. Looking back at the park, the newly built 30,000-square-meter large-scale intelligent multi-span glass greenhouse of the Internet of Things is shining, and the banner hanging on the external wall "Let there be no crops difficult to grow in the world" is particularly dazzling.
Mass Newspaper and Rural Mass Reporter Ji Feiyan
Reporting/feedback

The flavor of the year in poetry is not as good as the sixth day of the sixth month.

In your eyes, what day is the sixth day?

Did the family start cleaning the house early in the morning to "send the poor", or did they take a break after visiting relatives for the New Year a few days ago, or did they start counting down the holidays with their hands?

In the eyes of Zhu Shuzhen, a poet in the Song Dynasty, the sixth day was so lively that even the Lantern Festival night could not compare with it.

The sixth day is full of pomp and bright lights.

Yi Qin ‘e, the sixth day of the first month, night and month

Song Zhu Shuzhen

Bend and bend, and the new year’s crescent moon hooks the cold jade. Hook cold jade, phoenix shoes are small, and Cui eyebrows are frowning.

Moths and snow willows add makeup, while Candle dragon wahoo competes for it. It’s not as good as the sixth day of the Lunar New Year.

Zhu Shuzhen,No. Youqi Jushi, a poetess in the Song Dynasty, is one of the most abundant female writers who have preserved her works since the Tang and Song Dynasties. This word describes the lively scene of the sixth day of the Lunar New Year in the Song Dynasty. Bend a new year’s crescent moon, charming as a hook, cool as jade. The moon in the sky is as hooked as jade, the embroidered shoes of the people on the ground are wrapped in slender feet, and the emerald arch eyebrows are smiling. Dressed-up women with moths in their heads and snow willows in their hair, and fire trees and silver flowers, Candle dragon danced vigorously and galloped after them. Such a grand occasion, even on the night of the Lantern Festival, is far less than this sixth day.

Li Song’s View of Lights in the Southern Song Dynasty is now in the National Palace Museum in Taipei.

"Moths and snow willows add makeup, and Candle dragon fire trees compete." This word is inevitably reminiscent of Xin Qiji’s famous "Jade Case Yuan Xi", "Thousands of trees bloom in the east wind night, and the stars are like rain. The BMW carving car is full of incense, the phoenix flute is moving, the jade pot is turning, and the fish and dragon dance all night. "

In Song Dynasty, the economy was prosperous, and the entertainment activities were more abundant than those in the previous generation. People paid special attention to festivals such as Spring Festival. From the New Year’s Day to the Lantern Festival, people not only carry lanterns in their hands, but even trees and rivers are covered with lights.

In Zhu Shuzhen’s eyes, the lights set each other off on the sixth day of this month, women dressed up to travel, and the fire tree and silver flowers, even on the Lantern Festival night, are not as lively and happy as the sixth day.

It is a good day to send the poor, start a business and go out.

Aside from the background of the Spring Festival, folk customs such as sending the poor are also popular on the sixth day of the Lunar New Year. Nowadays, when people send the poor, they mostly clean the house, throw away the garbage and make people happy. In ancient times, due to the limitations of the times, people were more serious about "sending the poor".

In ancient times, people would "make minced meat, abandon rags, and worship in alleys", that is, clean up all the dirty debris and rags outside the house, and then burn them for sacrifice to send the poor.

In Han Yu’s "Sending the Poor", it is mentioned that it is necessary to "make a car out of willows and lead the sails to the wall" for the poor. That is to say, when sending the poor, we should not only prepare symbolic vehicles and boats for the "poor", but also bring dry food to the "poor". In some places, there is also the practice of "sending the poor by banana boat". Such a solemn ceremony is to send the "poor ghost" away well to welcome a better life in the new year.

In addition to sending the poor, the sixth day of the sixth year means "great luck", and after the sixth day, people gradually return to normal life from the festive flavor, so many businessmen will choose to open the market on the sixth day. Every new year’s day, firecrackers to celebrate the opening of the market are one after another, deafening and very lively. At the same time, the shopkeeper will stick a big red couplet on the door panel, "Everything is prosperous", and invite a "lovely person", that is, parents, husbands, children and in-laws, to stroll around the store for a few times and send auspicious words such as "make a fortune, congratulations on making a fortune", hoping that business will be prosperous and life will be rich in the new year.

China people also have the traditional custom of "going out in 369", which means that the third, sixth and ninth days of the lunar calendar are auspicious days to go out. Therefore, it is advisable to go out on the sixth day of the Lunar New Year, and you should also play around. In some areas, it is popular on the sixth day, and at three, six and nine o’clock at noon, go out for a walk. Those who don’t want to travel far can also turn around the yard clockwise twice before going home, which means good luck. In the old days, farmers began to farm on this day to prepare for spring ploughing.

The sixth day of the first month is not only an important moment to sum up and clean up the past year, but also a sign to welcome the start of work and business activities in the New Year, and also an important date for farmers to start spring ploughing.

Up to now, although the form of the old customs has gradually changed, people’s good wishes to eliminate disasters and solve the problem are still the same. Send the poor on the sixth day. May everyone send away their troubles and bad luck, and make a fortune in the new year. Good luck!

Reporting/feedback

Xiamen’s intergenerational relay facing the sea

　　On January 22 nd, Wuyuanwan Wetland Park in Xiamen, Fujian, tourists photographed black swans on the plank road. Wuyuan Bay was once covered with salt drying fields, farms and garbage dumps, and the natural ecosystem was seriously damaged, so it was considered as an uninhabitable place. In 2005, Xiamen started the comprehensive improvement project of Wuyuan Bay, implemented measures such as ecological restoration, comprehensive development and overall development, reserved plots worth tens of billions of yuan in the central city to carry out ecological protection and restoration, and built a wetland park of about 99 hectares, attracting more than 90 kinds of wild birds to feed and inhabit, and rare species such as chestnut-throated bee tiger and white dolphin and black swan have settled here one after another. Zhongqing Daily Zhongqing Net reporter Zhang Yujia/photo

　　In 1986, an essay-writing activity called "2000-Xiamen in My Mind" aroused widespread concern in Xiamen. Later, more than a dozen good strategies in the essay were adopted and incorporated into the Economic and Social Development Strategy of Xiamen from 1985 to 2000, which was a strategic plan for economic and social development that spanned 15 years earlier by local governments in China, and "beautiful environment" was included in one of the six strategic goals.

　　In 2002, a mobilization order of "promoting the development of the island and across the island" was in full swing, encouraging Xiamen to accelerate its transformation from an island-based city to a bay-based ecological city.

　　In 2017, BRICS leaders met in Xiamen, and Xiamen was praised as a "high-value ecological garden city".

　　In 2024, the national level issued a road map for building a beautiful China in an all-round way. Xiamen’s ecological practice for more than 30 years is like a microcosm, and it has become a pioneer in comprehensively promoting the construction of a beautiful China. Recently, the reporter visited Xiamen, looking for generations of successive strugglers and exploring the practical code of beautiful Xiamen.

　　Find the way of ecological management from a lake

　　Xiamen is endowed with unique advantages as well as the unique sea. This city has won the reputation of "International Garden City" and "UN Habitat Award" successively, not only because of its talent, but also because of its arduous efforts.

　　Yaodang Lake was originally deep into the inner bay fishing port of Xiamen Island. At night, the fishing fire was like a star, the scenery was like a dream, and the grand scene of "Yaodang fishing fire" spread. But in the 1970s, the lake turned black and smelly, and the fish, shrimp and egrets disappeared.

　　当地可查记录显示，那一时期，筼筜湖污染源较多，125家企业向该湖排放工业废水，占全市工业废水排放量的45%以上，全市近一半的生活污水直接排入筼筜湖，还有6家医院的污水也直入此湖。

　　“筼筜湖何时不再黑臭？”当地群众发出强烈呼声。

　　1988年3月，一场整治环境污染的硬仗在厦门打响。很多人都记得，时任厦门市委常委、常务副市长的习近平同志主持召开专题会议，提出“依法治湖、截污处理、清淤筑岸、搞活水体、美化环境”20字方针，拉开了筼筜湖综合治理序幕。

　　针对前期资金不足问题，筼筜湖治理方案明确每年投入1000万元财政资金，占当时厦门全市基本建设支出近10%；同时，多渠道筹措排污费、土地批租收入、借款和技改资金，以空前力度加大治理投入。

　　在厦门市市政园林局党组成员、总工程师王艳艳看来，这样的治理力度在当时实属罕见。

　　水域面积1.6平方公里的筼筜湖先后进行了五期大规模整治，总投资约19.9亿元。事实上，36年来，厦门在海洋生态保护修复上累计投入1056亿元。

　　“以筼筜湖综合整治为起点，城市生态价值观念逐步觉醒。”厦门市副市长张志红说。

　　The earliest 20-character governance policy has been affecting the ecological construction of Xiamen. As the first principle, "governing the lake according to law" has not only run through the comprehensive management of Yundang Lake for 36 years, but also is the background color of Xiamen’s ecological construction.

　　Many cadres in Xiamen said that if there is no guarantee of the rule of law, ecological restoration will be difficult for a long time. In 1994, after Xiamen obtained the legislative power of special economic zones, the first substantive local regulation was the Regulations of Xiamen on Environmental Protection. Since then, Xiamen has given full play to the advantages of the legislative power of special economic zones in the construction of marine rule of law, and has successively formulated more than ten laws and regulations related to the sea.

　　The controversy about the use of Aoguan natural coastline in Haicang Bay of Xiamen has lasted for many years. Yu Xingguang, former director of the Third Institute of Oceanography of the Ministry of Natural Resources, said that although this natural coastline is only a few hundred meters, it contains different landforms such as beaches, reefs, mangroves and wetlands, and developers are also optimistic about this coastline. Yu Xingguang, a former deputy to Xiamen Municipal People’s Congress, has called on many occasions to protect the "pocket" coastline of Aoguan.

　　The protection of the coastline was finally written into "Several Provisions on Marine Environmental Protection in Xiamen City" in the form of laws and regulations, and Article 16 of Chapter III clearly stipulates that "any activity to change the natural coastline of Aoguan coastal area is prohibited".

　　In addition to investment governance and legal protection, Xiamen also has a series of institutional innovations, such as establishing the marine management office of the municipal government, taking the lead in setting up a professional marine cleaning team in the country, prohibiting the introduction of heavy pollution projects, rationally arranging industrial concentration areas, and promoting the relocation and upgrading of enterprises in the main city.

　　From a lake, a coastline, a bay, an island, a mountain, from a part to the whole, from the mountain top to the ocean, Xiamen has built a system governance system and a "multi-regulation" business collaboration platform.

　　Ke Yuzong, Party Secretary and Director of Xiamen Natural Resources and Planning Bureau, introduced that all kinds of spatial planning originally scattered in natural resources, development and reform, ecological environment, water conservancy and other departments were integrated as a whole, and all kinds of ecological environment control requirements were managed by drawing, forming a "blueprint" of global space based on ecological environment, supported by resource carrying capacity and based on special planning of various departments, so as to save resources and protect the environment to the maximum extent.

　　Positive interaction between scientific and technological support and scientific decision-making

　　For more than 30 years, Xiamen’s "high face value" cannot be separated from strong scientific and technological support. In the Economic and Social Development Strategy of Xiamen from 1985 to 2000, "environmental protection technology" is clearly regarded as the key social science and technology field.

　　With the deepening of marine ecological restoration, the problems involve a wide range, involving many stakeholders, and the problems of science and technology, administration, law, economy and environment are intertwined. How to allocate basin resources and plan space? Each department has its own work objectives.

　　In 1995, the Xiamen Municipal Government’s Coordination Leading Group for Integrated Marine Management was established, with the mayor or deputy mayor as the team leader and department leaders as members, and the Marine Management Office, a functional department of the government’s integrated marine affairs management, was also established.

　　In 1996, Xiamen took the lead in setting up a marine expert group in China relying on the Marine Management Office, and the municipal government issued a letter of appointment. Hong Huasheng, the first returned female doctor of oceanography in China, was the first group leader.

　　The personnel structure of the expert group also changes with the development stage of Xiamen. At first, there were only some experts in the fields of ocean and planning. When the goal of marine ecological restoration is gradually expanded, legal experts and economists are added. When Xiamen is open to the whole world outside the island, Xiamen’s high-quality marine economic development needs major technical preparation, and some influential academicians join in.

　　Yu Xingguang, a former leader of the expert group, recalled that in principle, every two months, the expert group listened to a briefing on important matters related to the sea in Xiamen, and the city leaders in charge of the ocean discussed with the members of the expert group. "Suggestions can be made on the spot, or not necessarily on the spot. It can be written or oral. " Through consultation, investigation, feedback and continuous communication, the expert group reached a basic consensus, and most of the opinions were adopted by the government to a high degree, forming a benign interaction. "This mechanism is a scientific decision-making model that relies on science and technology, takes fewer detours and seeks truth from facts."

　　"My contact with scientists is like a student going to worship a teacher." Pan Shijian, who was the deputy mayor of Xiamen at that time, kept a "seamless" close contact with the expert group. "Sometimes my mind is prone to fever, so I should listen to other people’s opinions."

　　Pan Shijian said that many ideas and details can’t be communicated just by holding a meeting, but by calling or visiting at any time, and opening up information to experts. "There is nothing to hide."

　　Gaoji seawall, which blocks the east and west waters of Xiamen, is 2212 meters long and has played an important role in Xiamen’s history. The opening of Gaoji seawall is regarded as the top priority of "Xiamen’s marine ecological function restoration project". Hong Huasheng introduced that after the opening, the "meridians" of the sea area were opened, and the originally semi-closed bay became an open and permeable bay, which was conducive to enhancing the water exchange capacity and largely solved the problem of the maximum environmental capacity of the entire western sea area of Xiamen and Tongan Bay, which played the most critical role in the entire ecological restoration.

　　How to determine the opening width, tidal capacity, dredging depth, hydrodynamic improvement and siltation degree, water quality control index, etc. The Third Institute of Oceanography of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Xiamen University conducted back-to-back mathematical model research and calculation comparison at the same time, and nanjing hydraulic research institute also conducted physical model experiments to ensure accuracy and science.

　　In the past 2023, there were 60 or 70 species of birds observed in Xiatanwei Mangrove Park in Xiamen, which is the latest data from the team of Yang Shengchang, an associate professor at the School of Environment and Ecology of Xiamen University. Before the ecological restoration in this area, there were only twenty or thirty species of birds.

　　"After the implementation of the ecological restoration project, the biggest thing is the ecological benefits, especially the significant improvement of biodiversity." Yang Shengchang said that the number of benthic organisms such as shellfish, shrimps and crabs has also increased by about three times. In the early years, Xiatan tail was frequently farmed out of order and seriously polluted. It was regarded as a remote place by Xiamen people and unwilling to come. "After coming, it will be smoked away by the smell of seawater." The local native mangroves have also been seriously damaged.

　　Mangroves are regarded as "the protector of islands". Since 2005, Xiamen Municipal Government has entrusted Academician Lin Peng of Xiamen University to lead the research group of mangrove project of Xiamen University to plant mangrove experimental forest in Xiatanwei. Mangrove restoration has been included as a private practical project by Xiamen Municipal Government.

　　Lu Changyi, a student in Lin Peng and dean of the School of Environmental Science and Engineering of Tan Kah Kee College of Xiamen University, recalled that some villagers had resistance to the construction of the mangrove wetland at Xiatanwei, and some villagers even climbed onto the hook machine to stop the project.

　　In May 2012, at the beginning of the project, Lu Changyi came to the village with a portable projector on his back. As night fell, he borrowed a white sheet as a curtain, hung it on the stone wall at the head of the village, and told the villagers about his ecological "open class". With the efforts of all parties, the villagers finally expressed their understanding and support for the Xiatanwei project. More than 60% of the mangrove planting workers are composed of local villagers.

　　Today, Xiatanwei Mangrove Park has become a green buffer zone to resist typhoon, storm surge and other marine disasters, integrating nature education, leisure science and other functions. Yang Shengchang said: "There are almost no children in Xiamen who don’t know about mangroves."

　　In November 2023, Peter Thomson, Special Envoy of the UN Secretary-General for Ocean Affairs, came to Xiatanwei Mangrove Park during Xiamen International Ocean Week, and highly affirmed the balance between ecology and economy in Xiamen, expecting it to provide "Xiamen samples" for international marine ecological environment governance.

　　High-level protection and high-quality development

　　Why is Xiamen so different?

　　When we carefully explore the logic of urban texture formation, we will find that there are many wonderful "concessions" in Xiamen: in order to protect more than 500 trees, the lucky chance Bridge in Wuyuan Bay has made a detour; In order not to disturb the Chinese white dolphins, the scheme of Xiang’ an cross-sea bridge was changed to a submarine tunnel with double construction cost and greater construction risk; In order to avoid reservoirs and plants, Xiamen built a mountain road with only three lanes; There is a 3-hectare nature reserve in the middle of the high-rise buildings in the urban area, which is reserved for the "most beautiful bird in China" to settle down and breed. Xiamen is their breeding and habitat in the northernmost latitude of the world.

　　"Concession" everywhere is not a compromise, but a kind look back on the natural life of the triumphant city, and the wisdom of cooperating with high-quality development and high-level protection.

　　Pan Shijian remembers that at the beginning of the 21st century, Xiamen was in the period of rapid construction of the Special Economic Zone and needed money everywhere. "On the one hand, we are faced with building this city quickly to meet the needs of the people. At the same time, we are also faced with an island city with a beautiful environment that needs ecological restoration. There are many specific and difficult choices." Pan Shijian said, "We don’t simply dial the abacus, and the calculated value is still not worth it."

　　Taking Wuyuan Bay in the northeast of Xiamen Island as an example, due to seawall blocking and regional development and construction, the water exchange capacity in this area is poor, and planting, breeding and salt field management also lead to increased pollution. In 2003, the local per capita GDP was only 39.4% of the average level of Xiamen. Two years later, Xiamen started the comprehensive improvement project of Wuyuan Bay with reference to the management experience of Yaodang Lake.

　　At first, the land in Wuyuanwan Bay was planned to be stored as construction land. The Xiamen Municipal Government fully solicited and adopted expert opinions, adjusted the development and utilization planning of Wuyuanwan area in time, abandoned the hot real estate development at that time, and reserved 89 hectares of original wetlands in the bay.

　　The habitat of chestnut-throated bee tiger is also in this wetland. In 2011, the Xiamen Municipal Government designated the Chestnut-throated Bee Tiger Nature Reserve, in which 37 hectares in Wuyuanwan Wetland Area are feeding grounds and 3 hectares in the urban area are breeding grounds. According to the original plan, if these 40 hectares were used for development, the land value would be as high as 3 billion yuan.

　　"Is this article about urban construction simple or complicated? Xiamen’s development philosophy is: what you do today should provide a better platform and environment for tomorrow’s development. " Pan Shijian said.

　　Later data showed that by the end of 2022, the land value of Wuyuanwan area alone had increased by more than eight times compared with that of 2005, and the value created far exceeded the income from real estate development abandoned at that time, and the chestnut-throated bee tiger retained valuable habitats.

　　Today, Wuyuan Bay has become a new "city meeting room" in Xiamen, attracting more than 300 well-known enterprises to settle down; Xiamen International Yacht Club and Sailing Port have been built, and more and more young people come to experience sailing, yachting and surfing. Music festivals, trunk fairs and art exhibitions will also be held on weekends.

　　"Looking up is fresh blue, and looking around is pleasant green." Strolling through Xiamen, people will find that the distance between people and the sea is so close, cyclists ride in the bay driveway, children chase the sea, the elderly do morning exercises in the seaside park, and in the afterglow of sunset, the long shadows of citizens and tourists cover Baicheng beach.

　　Huang Zhiquan, a member of Xiamen Bird Watching Association, loves two scenic spots in Xiamen. One is the white scenery where flocks of egrets catch fish at the gate of the west dike of Miandang Lake, and the other is the black scenery where flocks of wintering cormorants arrive as scheduled every winter and feed and inhabit in Xinglin Bay, forming a unique ecological wonder of "Qi Fei with ten thousand birds".

　　Earlier Xinglin Bay was still a rotten mire. Xinglin Bay used to be a beautiful bay in history, but it has been affected by dams, production, construction and aquaculture pollution for a long time. Some experts came here to inspect, and the ship could not move forward before it got close, and it was full of silt.

　　The construction of Garden Expo Garden in Xinglin Bay, jimei district, Xiamen is the most difficult project that Pan Shijian has handled. He not only wants to carry out ecological restoration in this area, but also wants to build Jimei New City, and Yuanboyuan is an opportunity.

　　It only took more than two years from the application for construction to the final completion of the Garden Expo Garden. For this purpose, Xiamen has set up a special headquarters to conduct in-depth investigations on various birds, fish and other animals and plants to ensure that the original ecological balance will not be destroyed during development and construction. Seriously protect the original ecological green space, water system and nursery, and obtain good ecological benefits with minimal transformation or no transformation.

　　It is difficult to estimate how much economic growth this water garden has driven in jimei district. Jimei district used to be an old industrial zone in Xiamen. Now, an industrial chain with garden art, culture and education, sports, hot spring vacation, water sports and navigation education has been gradually established, forming a sustainable industrial system.

　　Xie Ming, deputy director of the Bureau of Industry and Information Technology of jimei district, Xiamen, said that in the past 10 years, the net population growth of jimei district was the largest in Fujian Province, reaching more than 500,000 people, and it is also the most populous district in Xiamen at present, reaching more than 1.1 million people, and the youth aged 14-35 accounted for 46% of the total population in the region. Young employees of some enterprises said that when they choose their place of residence, the beautiful environment and industrial agglomeration are very attractive.

　　Tens of thousands of fishermen have landed in successive bay renovations to make room for the blue sea and silver beach.

　　In order to avoid the loss of fishermen’s interests and ensure their livelihood, the government has set up special social security for fishermen who have lost their lives, organized re-employment training after landing, arranged for fishermen to work in enterprises and give subsidies, set up funds to encourage entrepreneurship.

　　Some fishermen change jobs, and some fishermen go to other places to seek development with their farming skills. Lin Yulin, deputy secretary of the Party Committee of Pantu Community in Tong ‘an District, Xiamen, said that the annual aquaculture output of Pantu people exceeds 400,000 tons, and about 10% of the output is transported back to Pantu. The output value of Pantu oyster accounts for about 70% of the Xiamen market.

　　Electronics, machinery, light industry and chemical industry were once the pillar industries in Xiamen. Xiamen has given up extensive industries, laid out strategic emerging industries led by scientific and technological innovation, and achieved remarkable results in marine economy and cultural tourism economy. The data shows that in 2023, the proportion of the tertiary industry in Xiamen exceeded 60%, which was nearly 6 percentage points higher than the national level; The added value of high-tech manufacturing industry accounts for more than 40% of the industrial proportion, which is 27 percentage points higher than that of the whole country; The energy consumption and water consumption of GDP per 10,000 yuan are at the leading level in China.

　　Today, Xiamen has developed into a high-quality city of innovation and entrepreneurship, with rapid development of new economy and new industries, keeping pace with trade and investment, and reaching five continents by sea, land and air. Xiamen embraces the world with a more open attitude.

　　According to the relevant person in charge of the Department of Resource Conservation and Environmental Protection of the National Development and Reform Commission, Xiamen’s cooperation with high-level protection and high-quality development has broken the problem. "The development of Xiamen does not depend on the consumption of resources and energy. Its practice has proved that high-level ecological protection can also create and develop new formats and support new economic advantages."

　　This is a relay race from generation to generation. Yu Xingguang has worked and lived in Xiamen for 43 years, witnessing Xiamen’s firm goal of ecological protection and restoration. "It will not change because of the change of leadership, will not retreat because of temporary economic difficulties, and will not change because of changes in the economic and ecological situation."

　　Xiamen "leaves the most beautiful beaches to the people" and protects the rocks and landforms along the beach and coast to the maximum extent; In all kinds of protection measures, the opinions of the masses are widely listened to, and Ludao children carefully care for every piece of green around them.

　　Enterprises and citizens actively subscribe for tree planting and daily management on Maluan Bay Ecological Island; "Citizen Lake Chief" competes to protect the Yaodang Lake; People call the Chinese white dolphin "Mazu fish", giving it the meaning of good luck.

　　"Xiamen people love nature." Pan Shijian grew up in Xiamen. When he was a child, he loved to climb trees and talk to birds in the trees. Birds chirped and he chirped. He likes swimming in the sea and watching crabs get into the beach. He said: "The owners of this city are not only people, but also animals and plants."

　　When he becomes a city builder, he wants to plant trees with large crowns that can make birds nest; It is also necessary to plant insect-infested trees so that birds can have food to eat; Plant trees in crevices of stones, on reefs at sea and on uninhabited islands. He also grows vegetables on his balcony and feeds them to the birds. "To truly love this city." Pan Shijian holds the idea that "the city is our mother." He built a sculpture on the beach beside the winding roundabout, where a mother was playing with her children at the seaside.

　　Zhongqingbao Zhongqingwang reporter Zhang Yi Source: China Youth Daily

Love Bonus —— Han Meilin in Zhou Jianping’s Eyes (I)

　　In 2022, Zhou Jianping’s three new books, Just in Time, Closed Couples and Beautiful Life, were published. She expounded an artist’s life track, creative process and struggle process from the perspective of his wife.

　　The full text of Love Bonus (I) in Just in Time is now published for readers.

Just in time

Zhou Jianping

　　Just in Time is Zhou Jianping’s account of his emotional experience and career struggle with Han Meilin from the perspective of his wife and partner. Through fourteen documentary articles, this book describes in detail Ms. Zhou Jianping and her team’s mental journey of defending and developing Han Meilin art with "the power of the wild", their "five children" — — The birth and growth of four Han Meilin art galleries and his son Han Tianyu, and a series of highlights in Han Meilin’s global tour at the age of 80, and so on, to pay tribute to their 20-year marriage.

Love Bonus (I)

If we use the "profit" in the financial concept,

Metaphor "profit" from love,

Then the "love dividend"

It is more appropriate to translate it into "ProfitofLove".

　　▲ Happiness practice

　　I spent the longest time with Merrill Lynch in our marriage, from 2001 to 2021, a full twenty years. Unfortunately, we met late, otherwise it should be no problem to reach the golden wedding or even the diamond wedding all the way. Merrill Lynch often tells me why he didn’t know me earlier. I said, that’s fate.

　　A few days ago, I accidentally dug up the "IOU" that Merrill Lynch wrote to me on my birthday in 2003 when she was creating ceramics in Masaoka Yoshiko-CHO, Japan.

　　On December 15, 2003, I crossed to Japan. In the morning, the sun is shining and the white clouds are shining, and I feel that something important is happening under it today. I can’t help myself. Suddenly, I saw the Queen Mother leading her disciples and grandsons, ladies-in-waiting, smiling and fascinated, and came to Yoshiko-machi, Zhenoka, Japan & HELIP; … I didn’t wake up until all the fairies and fairies left piles of flat peaches and left. When I was puzzled, my wife Jianping turned over and shouted, Han Meilin! Listen, today is my mother’s birthday, and the heavenly queen has come to send peaches. Why are you still as stupid as wood? When I first married you, it was a dream entrusted to me by the Queen Mother. She said: There is a big stupid hat in the world. Although it is brilliant, it has no aura, which makes people feel sick and diarrhea. Although I have made a lot of money so far, I still have no money. Clothes are patched and meals are cooked. He hasn’t had soup for eight years, no dining table for ten years and no affection for him for twenty years … … You are my youngest daughter. Can you go to Beijing to see if he loves you? If so, you can stay and help him. Although he is a fool, he is also a son of heaven, a bodhisattva with a heart and a rough life. He never forgets the poor, the benefactor, the long years and the mentor … … You go! He is changing his life in Fuwai Hospital … …

　　I have been married to Jianping for three years, and I can’t care how much I owe her. She is handsome and I am handsome, so I often make my wife laugh and wipe away tears. I’m sixty and seven years old, and I’m a good wife in my old age. Looking up to the sky, I realize: Am I still in a chaotic world? ! Bite your tongue — — It’s true. I have this family, this brilliant career, so many friends and so much energy … … All have something to do with Jianping being by my side. I am the luckiest person in the world, and thousands of envious and blessed eyes care about us.

　　There is no flower seller in Yoshiko-CHO, Japan, and I don’t buy Japanese flowers, so I owe my wife ninety-nine red roses.

　　Japanese peaches can live long without China peaches, so I owe my wife thirty-nine peaches.

　　Japanese noodles are not as good as Zhajiang Noodles in China, so I owe my wife Zhajiang Noodles a big bowl (there are a lot of diced meat, and the noodle sauce must be made by Liubiju).

　　I haven’t seen a plush chair in Masaoka, Japan. People in China are called "Longevity" on their birthdays, and they must sit in plush chairs. My family has two fauteuil chairs. My wife can sit in one chair during the day and the second chair at night. When she is tired, her legs will circle, and her legs will not be numb and her waist will not be sore for at least four or five hours.

　　China people have to have many children to join in the fun on their birthdays. There are not many children in this Japanese town, and the population here is negative. For this reason, I owe my wife and children a lot. When I return to China, I must call Dānlín and Dekuan, a pimple called Nizi. It’s really not enough. I went to the canteen to discuss with the master to lend out Little Red, who swept the floor. She is only 1.4 meters tall. When she was a child, no one said she was an adult. If the birthday girl — — Jianping doesn’t think there are too many children, so I must try to call the director of Liyuan police station and search for a few of them in Yunjing (but on one condition: I can sing, happy birthday to you).

　　If Zhou Jianping, the old birthday star, is not satisfied, he can invite no more than three dog-headed strategists, such as Uncle Shi and others, to come up with ideas (bad ideas, bad ideas, whatever). As long as the old birthday girl is happy, everything is nothing. But it’s China people’s birthdays, and it’s the birthday girl who pays for it and treats them to longevity noodles. The small vault of the old birthday girl must be relaxed, and two stacks should be taken out to invite the birthday party, and the pig eight quit to eat distiller’s grains — — Drunk and full.

　　I owe too much, please ask the birthday girl to add a few more.

Stupid husband Merrill Lynch

Done at Makoka, Japan on December 15th, 2003.

　　This is my daily life with Merrill Lynch. In the past twenty years, the reason why I have lived a "honey mixed with oil" life with Merrill Lynch is only because he is a person with interesting personality and soul.

　　▲ IOUs for Zhou Jianping’s birthday in 2002.

　　All encounters in the world are reunions after a long separation, and the arrival of our youngest son is indeed a gift from God. Therefore, Teacher Feng Jicai named our youngest son Han Tianyu.

　　Our family has also become more complete because of the arrival of Tian Yu, although he came late.

　　Tian Yu’s aura is really big, and he went to the hot search less than two months after he was born. He really should go on the hot search, because it’s really not easy for him all the way.

　　Before Tianyu was born, my secretary helped me download an APP called "Pro-Baby" on my mobile phone, and suggested that I upload photos or videos about my baby every day after he was born, so as to leave precious memories for my child in the future. On the afternoon when we were going to take our children back to China, the red sunset lit up the sky. I pulled Merrill Lynch with my children in my arms and asked the secretary to record a video for us, wishing my son to come to the world and wish him to return to his motherland soon.

　　Before boarding the plane, I shared this happiness with several of our friends. Perhaps my friends couldn’t hold back their joy and shared this seemingly "official announcement" video to some unknown WeChat group. This news is like a flood that overflowed the dike. Our plane hasn’t landed in Beijing yet, and this video has been searched hot. After all this trepidation, I think, isn’t this good news worthy of everyone’s blessing?

　　I remember one morning in 2005, when the fragrance of osmanthus fragrans was fragrant in Hangzhou Botanical Garden, Meilin and I were preparing to go out from Hanmeilin Art Museum in Hangzhou, and a group of aunts surrounded our car. We quickly rolled down the window, only to hear the aunts say loudly: "We have nothing to do, I hope you have a little Han Meilin."

　　This sentence has been lingering in my ear.

　　In fact, in 2005, Merrill Lynch and I were pregnant with a child. Because of my status as a civil servant, according to the family planning policy at that time, if the child was born, not only would I have to be fined and resign myself, but also the relevant leaders of our unit would have to reduce their salary by one level.

　　Considering that the blueprint for Han Meilin’s art career was just opened at that time, considering that my parents were more concerned about my status as a civil servant, and considering that Merrill Lynch’s daughter Xiaocao just came of age and my own son knew that he was underage … … Think before and after, can only reluctantly give up. Later, when someone mentioned "Little Han Meilin" again, my heart would ache faintly.

　　With the career going upstairs, parents’ release, and son’s adulthood … … In my heart, the expectation of having a child for Merrill Lynch is getting stronger and stronger. But as Merrill Lynch and I get older, I still set foot on the road of IVF without hesitation. According to my personality, as long as I know the right way, no matter how difficult it is, I will go on.

　　In ten years, only I know how difficult this road is. In the first seven years, I basically made progress by groping, took many detours and even suffered many blows. Because I used hormones, I gained ten kilograms. Until I met a senior international IVF (in vitro fertilization technology, commonly known as "in vitro fertilization") doctor, he said that in order to ensure the quality of eggs and minimize physical harm, he suggested that I take eggs in the natural cycle. For this dream, I took it for three years. In order to save time, I became intimate with a young female B-ultrasound doctor in a hospital near our home. She monitored the accuracy of follicles and amazed IVF doctors. In the past three years, several dreams that I accompanied failed to persist and gave up halfway. Only I have been on the road.

　　In fact, on the road of IVF, taking eggs is the first step of the long March, and then it has to go through various difficult processes such as embryo cultivation, transplantation, monitoring, inoculation and production.

　　I can’t forget that on a rainy autumn day, I experienced five failures and went to Lingyin Temple accompanied by Zhu Xuebin, the curator of Hangzhou. After seeing off Guanyin, my mood once collapsed and I couldn’t afford to kneel for a long time.

　　Aren’t the three Han Meilin art galleries our "children"? God loves us enough, we should be satisfied! A book called "Selfish Genes" wrote: "Because of the emergence of culture, the ultimate task of our life will not only be reproduction, but also the creation and inheritance of culture." Any great man’s genes are only a few generations, but his thoughts and works are still celebrated hundreds of years later. This is called "Mime" in the book and can be regarded as a cultural gene. Therefore, there are many ways to realize the value of life, and you don’t have to pass on your own biological genes.

　　I once discussed with Merrill Lynch to give up having children, but the words of our good friend, Mr. Lisa Lu, gave me renewed courage. She said that on June 20, 2012, she was filming in Dayong City, Hunan Province, and there was a "begging cave" there, which was said to be very effective. Teacher Lisa Lu put a begging lock in the "begging cave" to pray for Merrill Lynch and me, and has been praying for us ever since. She suggested that we should not be discouraged and continue to work hard.

　　After listening to teacher Lu, I decided to try again for the last time.

　　This time, it worked!

　　On January 13, 2018, Hanmen added Ding, and the sky came. He is lucky because he has a father who can be proud of all his life — — Han Meilin. His arrival can be described as taking advantage of the favorable weather, geographical location and people. The country has opened the second child policy, Merrill Lynch’s career is booming, the three Han Meilin art galleries are developing steadily, and the horn of the global tour has sounded … … It’s just the right time.

　　▲ Heaven is coming.

　　Our good friend Wei Minglun sent a congratulatory message:

　　Liang Hao was the top scholar at the age of 80.

　　Merrill Lynch is 82 years old!

　　Today’s story goes down in history!

　　Our good friend Yang Long saw Tian Yu’s photo and said:

　　The heaven is full and talented.

　　Two ears thick paste, lovely and amiable.

　　Eyes are black and white, and love and hate are distinct.

　　Have a good nose and a kind heart.

　　On the morning of the thirty-eighth day of Tianyu’s birth, Merrill Lynch began all kinds of tossing. He took out a vest he had worn, and found a sock given by Tian Yu. After sewing the sock on the vest, he wrote the pinyin given by Tian Yu under the sock, cut a number of "38" and designed a Logo for decoration, so he pieced together a "Tian Yu brand jersey" with these elements. Merrill Lynch wore this "No.38 jersey" and POSS for me to take a picture of him and send it to his friends. He wanted to show Han Mengtian in such a special way — The good news of the old mussel begets pearls.

　　▲ Tianyu brand No.38 jersey

　　In fact, when I first told Merrill Lynch the idea of having a child, he didn’t approve of it very much. Because we are worried that we are old, we will have no energy to train our children in the future. At my insistence, Merrill Lynch compromised and joined hands with me to realize our dream. Since the arrival of children, Merrill Lynch’s love for children has exceeded all expectations, almost to the point of playing "children".

　　When my son’s saliva dripped on the painting that my father was creating, Merrill Lynch said, "It doesn’t matter, this is a work that my son and I created together!" " Holding my son in one hand and painting in the other, we don’t give up for such a long time. We are worried that he is too tired and want him to have a rest. Where is he willing to give up?

　　Sometimes I joke with Merrill Lynch: "Merrill Lynch, if you offend me one day, I will run away with my son." Merrill Lynch said, "Then you will really kill me!" Tian Yu liked the calligraphy of "being good as water" written by his father outside his door since he was a child. Whenever his son looked at these four words and giggled, Merrill Lynch always jokingly said, "Is this the first generation of Laozi?"

　　Once we took our son to get vaccinated, and when he was crying, he didn’t forget to say to his father, "Dad, you have my snot on you. Wipe it quickly." When the son often rides his car and lets his father chase after him, his father said after two laps, "Dad is tired and can’t chase." The son will say, "Dad, pay attention to your health!" " Said and rode away … … At this point, Merrill Lynch’s father was bursting with love. He said, "I will quit my career in the future. My career is my son."

　　On Tian Yu’s first birthday, Merrill Lynch wrote the word "life" to his son. Merrill Lynch said: "Life" is given by parents. Although the process is tortuous, I believe it is an act of God (Merrill Lynch stamped many seals of "God’s will" and "Good luck" under the word "life"); "Life" is in your own hands. Everyone has one life. I hope your life is complete and you live a long life (Merrill Lynch stamped many seals of "Buddha" and "longevity" under the word "life").

　　▲ Dad gave Tianyu a birthday present.

　　Maybe it’s because of genes that Tian Yu can draw before he is one year old. I’m ashamed of the sectors he painted. Since my son learned to walk, he likes to draw pictures and stamp everywhere. Merrill Lynch said to his son, "You robbed me of my job before you were one year old?" When my son was less than two years old, one day, the secretary took down an ink cow and prepared to frame it. I liked it at first sight and thought it was Merrill Lynch’s new work, but the secretary said it was painted by heaven! I can’t believe my eyes! It was not until I found the inscription on Merrill Lynch’s son’s work that I readily accepted this fact: "On December 24, 2020, my boss painted a tiger and an old horse, and my father added three strokes, which was quite old-fashioned." Merrill Lynch proudly said: "My son is either a genius or a talent, at least not a fool. It is said that it takes five children in Jewish life to produce an excellent one. My son is the fifth. " Every time I see Tian Yu’s growth, my brother always says, "How are children’s genes optimized now?"

　　▲ Tian Yu painted a cow when he was less than three years old.

　　Wang Luxiang, a teacher from Phoenix TV, said that Merrill Lynch’s artistic life reflected a new dimension because of the arrival of his youngest son. Yes, since 2018, the quantity and quality of Merrill Lynch’s works have probably set a historical record, which can be proved by the "Han Meilin Zodiac Art Exhibition" held in Wenhua Hall of the Palace Museum on January 5, 2019. In addition, Merrill Lynch has successively created stamps of Ding You Nian, Ji Hai Nian and Geng Zi Nian, which is unprecedented in the history of China Zodiac stamps.

　　On December 21, 2019, another special pavilion of Merrill Lynch — — Yixing Han Meilin Zisha Art Museum was successfully opened. Facing Anhui guests, Merrill Lynch said, "I suffered so much when I was young. I hope my son will not suffer in the future. I have suffered for him."

　　Merrill Lynch often says to friends with emotion: "My son’s arrival didn’t affect my creation, but it took my art to a higher level, which I didn’t expect. My life has come to a successful conclusion because of the arrival of my youngest son. I didn’t expect that I would achieve a positive result in my later years. "

　　Since Tianyu went to kindergarten, Merrill Lynch insisted on picking up her son by herself. One day, because he couldn’t see his son off, he sent his son to the gate. His son asked his father to chase his car, and his father chased it all the way out of the gate … … When Merrill Lynch walked back alone, a morning exercise grandfather shouted at Merrill Lynch: "Teacher Han is in good health!" " Merrill Lynch said shyly, "Thank you, thank you!" When I got home, Merrill Lynch said to me, "If you live in people’s hearts, you will live forever."

　　The "love dividend" between me and Merrill Lynch is far more than one from Xiaotian, and my eldest daughter Xiaocao and my eldest son know it. Apart from going hand in hand in their careers, the brothers and sisters also have one thing in common: the first time after Merrill Lynch and I reorganized our family, Xiaocao called me "mom" and clearly called Merrill Lynch "dad". Now the brothers and sisters especially like their younger brothers. They have the concept of caring for and educating their younger brothers, which is worth learning.

　　▲ With my daughter Xiaocao

　　When I married Merrill Lynch, Xiaocao was eighteen years old. She was a very innocent girl and looked like Merrill Lynch. Before the age of five, Xiaocao was well educated and cared for. Like today’s children, she can play piano, chess, calligraphy and painting. After the age of five, because she was separated from her mother, Merrill Lynch also neglected to train her daughter. Father and daughter live together, and Merrill Lynch is often seen carrying her daughter out on a bicycle. At that time, Merrill Lynch, who was in the prosperous period of her career, often entrusted her daughter to her aunt at home until Xiaocao went to study in Canada. After returning to China, Xiaocao has worked in the society for many years, such as making movies, running pet magazines, running a Japanese food store, being a club manager, a cultural and creative manager, etc. She has accumulated rich social experience and sometimes judged people and things more accurately than me.

　　▲ Know with your son.

　　My son came to Beijing at the age of 15. After being taught by Merrill Lynch and me, he went to the United States to study. He graduated from the University of Southern California with a bachelor’s degree in economics. After returning to China, he completed the EMBA program in Tsinghua University and obtained a master’s degree in business administration from the Chinese University of Hong Kong. At present, in addition to serving as the chairman of Beijing Tianpin Yixuan Culture and Art Co., Ltd. and deputy secretary-general of Han Meilin Art Foundation, he is still studying in Tsinghua Wudaokou Finance College for EMBA. He has grown into a modest gentleman. I worked in the investment banking department of Bank of China International (Hong Kong) and worked in the first-line IPO (initial public offering) executive team for two years, responsible for the listing of H shares and red chips of mainland enterprises in Hong Kong. Due to the financial turmoil a few years ago, Merrill Lynch and I hope our son will turn to writing to create a new field. He listened to our opinions and focused on the research and development of art derivatives and the operation of artist IP incubation. Tianpin Yixuan, founded at present, is the first company in China that focuses on the IP operation of artists and the research and development of derivatives, and has set a benchmark for IP authorized operation of domestic artists in the industry. The art derivatives launched have won unanimous praise in the industry. In the investment field, as a personal angel investor, the investment scope covers emerging industries such as TMT(TehonlogyMediaTelecon) and pan-entertainment; He has explored and invested in star enterprises in many sub-sectors, including Liangye Lighting (1.3 billion yuan sold to Bishuiyuan), Handing (GEM 300300), ICONIQ (Iconiq) new energy vehicle, bee mining machine, and Hermeng, and achieved outstanding investment performance.

　　▲ father and son

　　Since last year, the two brothers and sisters have jointly developed art IP, which has achieved good results at home and abroad.

　　Immediate family members should be the direct beneficiaries of my love bonus with Merrill Lynch, such as my parents. Although my father is two years older than Meilin and my mother is two years younger than Merrill Lynch, it has never affected their seniority. Every time Merrill Lynch meets her husband and mother-in-law, she always respects them and gives them a gift from Shandong people. Over the past twenty years, for my parents, Merrill Lynch has long been the pillar of our family, especially the birth of Tianyu has added a joy to our family.

　　My father is a very honest man, and he can’t get used to some bad manners in society. On one occasion, he learned that the owners’ committee in his community would "change the dynasty" on the last day of the year-end, and a property company with insufficient qualifications that was not recognized by everyone would be introduced to replace the existing property company whose contract expired. My father called me in a hurry and said the voice of the public. After hearing about it, Merrill Lynch took my hand and flew back to Hangzhou quickly. That night, Merrill Lynch and the owners of the community stayed in the lobby of the community until the street sent the top property to settle in first, which relieved the owners’ heart disease, which also made my parents smile.

　　Merrill Lynch said, as long as the parents-in-law feel comfortable, let him do anything. In order to keep my parents happy, Merrill Lynch sent a 3.5-meter-high bronze sculpture "White Horse Pride" to stand at the door of the community where my parents live. Merrill Lynch said: "Let my parents go in and out of the community every day to see the sculpture of their son-in-law."

　　▲ Take a photo with your parents in front of "White Horse Pride"

　　The stone tablet of the sculpture "White Horse Pride" is engraved with the deep affection of Hangzhou son-in-law for the Grand Canal, the people of Hangzhou and, of course, his parents-in-law. The inscription reads: "The Grand Canal has a long history and guards the prosperity of coastal towns like a jade belt. The Han Meilin Art Museum in Beijing and Hangzhou is like a shining pearl on a jade belt, telling endless love with the Grand Canal. On the occasion of the seventieth anniversary of the founding of People’s Republic of China (PRC), Han Meilin put his masterpiece — — The sculpture "White Horse Pride" was donated to the people of Hangzhou, which made this love last forever. The sculpture is made of bronze, and its modeling style is from Han and Tang Dynasties. After galloping, the hind hoof leaps in the air, and the front hoof stretches out like a leap. The overall modeling is full of rhythm and movement. The decoration of the horse body is simple and smart, which complements the shape and highlights the momentum of running the horse. The horse’s head is high and the screams seem to resound through the sky. The ponytail is different from a horse, like a dragon, and blends with the waves. "

　　"Pride of the White Horse" shows the spirit of the Tianma, which is brave and galloping thousands of miles. The Tianma comes from the waves and is full of vitality. It is the witness of the times when the history and reality of the Grand Canal meet and the nature and humanity blend, and it also entrusts the author with deep friendship and good wishes for the Grand Canal.

　　These 20 years are also the most harmonious years between Merrill Lynch and his brother and younger brother. If Merrill Lynch had no time to take care of relatives because of suffering and entrepreneurship before, then when Merrill Lynch’s career is getting better and better in the past 20 years, the first thing that comes to mind is to share its happiness with relatives.

　　▲ Merrill Lynch three brothers

　　We bought houses for Merrill Lynch’s brother and younger brother respectively in the local area, and let them live a happy life with their children and grandchildren around their knees. On holidays, we will take them to Beijing, or travel to other places. When we meet the exhibition of Merrill Lynch, my brother and my whole family will come to join us. Unfortunately, our time together is still too short. Merrill Lynch’s brother and younger brother left us due to illness in 2018 and 2020 respectively.

　　Merrill Lynch’s eldest brother is a kind and elegant person. After the army changed jobs, he went to Shanghai Songjiang Museum as a curator. His work was serious and rigorous, but he was the shopkeeper of cutting at home, and his eldest sister-in-law did all the housework.

　　When I married Merrill Lynch, I didn’t tell you the news of our marriage in advance because I was afraid of gifts from my friends. At the opening ceremony of Han Meilin’s fifth solo exhibition in China Art Museum, when Merrill Lynch directly announced our marriage, we didn’t even know that Big Brother had specially prepared a wedding message in advance. It was not until that time that my eldest brother left Beijing that he gave me his own handwritten wedding message, which I have treasured so far. Now, the eldest brother has died in a crane. Looking at this wedding message, I still feel the sound in my ears:

　　Today is the wedding day of Jianping of Merrill Lynch. On behalf of Merrill Lynch’s relatives, I would like to thank all the leaders, relatives and friends for coming.

　　Merrill Lynch and Jianping have made remarkable achievements in their careers, and they have made brilliant achievements in their respective careers that even their peers are surprised by. Perhaps God has long been in love with them, making their lives full of hardships, encouraging them to work hard in adversity, exercising their will, and then letting them combine happily when they know the true meaning of life. Today, this happy moment has finally arrived. I thank Jianping and her family for marrying such an excellent bride to Merrill Lynch. This is the blessing of Merrill Lynch and the blessing of Merrill Lynch. I hope they will treat each other as guests like Liang Hong and Meng Guang and be happy forever. Here, I once again thank my friends and relatives who are here today. I propose: Let’s raise our glasses and wish Merrill Lynch Jianping a happy life. Cheers!

Han Furong Su Hongqi

　　Life is short. Brother, this wedding message is still appropriate today.

　　Merrill Lynch’s younger brother, Lao San, works in Baoding Aircraft Factory. What impressed him the most was that he especially loved playing Santa Claus. Every year before Christmas, he will take his chickens from Baoding and take a long-distance bus to Beijing to play Santa Claus and celebrate his second brother’s birthday. When I buy clothes for Merrill Lynch, I usually buy them for my eldest brother and my third son. When my third son comes home, I always ask him to put on new clothes as soon as possible. The third son in new clothes will make us happy by walking along the model steps.

　　Old three especially likes to eat fat meat. I’m worried about high blood fat and told him to eat less. Lao San told me that he often exercised on the railway, so I quickly called his wife and told her to watch Lao San and never let him exercise there again, which was not safe. When the third brother and the second brother Merrill Lynch don’t meet, they always think that they will pinch as soon as they meet, and sometimes they will argue over dumplings or Yuanxiao. At this time, I will criticize Merrill Lynch, and the elder brother should give way to the younger brother!

　　At the end of 2017, during Merrill Lynch’s 80 th Exhibition in the National Museum, Shanghai’s eldest brother was seriously ill. We asked our third and third daughter-in-law in Baoding to visit her eldest brother and sister-in-law in Shanghai first, and then we went. On the New Year’s Eve of 2018, Merrill Lynch and I rushed to Shanghai to get together with our eldest brother, eldest sister-in-law and third daughter-in-law, and had a reunion year. Unexpectedly, the third child left Shanghai and returned to Baoding, and he was also very ill. In the spring of 2019, I went to Baoding with Merrill Lynch and my eldest sister-in-law. The third child who was not very conscious took out a notebook for me. I saw that the handwriting was neat, like finishing a novel. Looking at it again, it turns out that Lao San is copying the paragraphs in my book "Never Fade". I don’t understand why Lao San copied this. Is it to practice calligraphy?

　　Up to now, what is indelible in my mind is that when we visited the temple fair in Beijing that year, I wore a lovely red wig for my third child and the figure of strawberries and Toona sinensis that my third child sent every spring.

　　Merrill Lynch’s mother asked before her death that the three brothers should unite. Today, only Merrill Lynch is left among the three United brothers.

　　Fortunately, there are three apprentices in Merrill Lynch who are not better sons than sons. They are Xu Dekuan, Zhao Jinxin and Lu Wuke. Xu Dekuan has been with Merrill Lynch for more than 30 years, and Zhao Jinxin and Lu Wuke have been with them for more than 20 years. They are with Merrill Lynch every day and never leave. I thank them from the bottom of my heart, because Merrill Lynch has their company, so I can open my arms and do my career. I also want to thank them for their meticulous care of Tian Yu’s younger brother. Whenever I see three brothers lying on the ground pretending to be knocked down, I feel very gratified when they are drenched by their younger brother’s water gun, because I know that playing with my brothers can better cultivate children’s masculinity.

　　▲ Merrill Lynch and three apprentices

　　Merrill Lynch will proudly say to everyone, "Do you know how sculptures in dozens of cities have been completed in recent years? It was I who brought these three apprentices! " It is puzzling that these three apprentices are supposed to be with Merrill Lynch longer than I am, but they are all a little afraid of their teachers, which is probably "strict teachers make excellent students". In art, teachers are always hard on students. However, in life, Merrill Lynch treated them like parents. When our economy was not well off, Merrill Lynch bought a house and a car for Xu Dekuan, and then bought a house for Zhao Jinxin and Lu Wuke, so that their whole family could live in Beijing without worry. In addition, if the disciples have things at home, such as sick relatives and children going to school, we will take care of them.

　　In fact, Han Meilin Studio used to be very powerful. Before Merrill Lynch, there were many apprentices. Some of them thrived under the training of Merrill Lynch, made great achievements and started their own businesses. Now they are also famous in the society, such as Ji Feng and Wang Zhigang. Some were naturally eliminated because they were not enterprising and the pattern was too small, and some even embarked on the road of no return … …

　　Everyone knows that there is a housekeeper Chen in our family. Her name is Chen Lihua. I have been married to Merrill Lynch for 20 years, and she has been with us for 20 years. At first, she was the lawyer of a friend of Merrill Lynch. At that time, because the cause of Merrill Lynch was in urgent need of a lawyer, Lihua took on this role naturally.

　　Lihua is a talented student in northwest university of politics and law. She grew up in Yinchuan, the second child in her family. She is a talented woman who is both rational and emotional. Maybe Lihua and I are both Sagittarius. We hit it off in all aspects, and Sagittarius has a good relationship with Capricorn, so we all hit it off with Merrill Lynch. As a result, the pattern of "three people, there must be my teacher" was formed. We often "choose the good ones and follow them, and change the bad ones". In this way, we have come to this day hand in hand.

　　At that time, there was no Han Meilin Art Museum. Except for some works by Merrill Lynch, we basically started from scratch. My father is the director of the Personnel Department of Zhejiang Post and Telecommunications Administration, and he is very strict in dealing with people. When I went north, my father warned me that it was best to clear up the old accounts at home and start from scratch. So, Lihua and I sorted out the accounts owed by others to Merrill Lynch and those owed by Merrill Lynch. At that time, I realized that a great artist’s family is so thin that I need to take out my savings from Hangzhou when I get a bonus at the end of the year. Therefore, Lihua and I worked hard to create a new situation in Merrill Lynch’s art career.

　　Over the past 20 years, we have made every effort to carry forward Merrill Lynch’s art. Numerous urban sculptures have been erected throughout the country, four Han Meilin Art Museums have been established, the Han Meilin Art Foundation has been established, many primary schools have been built, and many Merrill Lynch classrooms … … Lihua and I are golden partners. She is a lawyer and cautious, while I am bold and decisive. When I am in the front, she always cleans up the mess for me in the rear, and has no regrets.

　　▲ 20 years of wind and rain with Chen Guanjia

　　I remember that when we demonstrated the construction of the first two Han Meilin art galleries, our opinions differed. My optimism about the problem and her pessimism about the problem form two distinct camps. And my character is often not to persuade her step by step, but to show off to her after actual combat. In the end, she will sincerely feel sorry for my efforts while accepting my victory. So that after the construction of two Han Meilin art galleries, she chose to believe and fight alongside me.

　　Ten years ago, we started planning to establish the Han Meilin Art Foundation. When Lihua learned that the initial capital was 20 million RMB, the work was delayed. Until one day, I hit home Lihua’s mind. I said, "Lihua, isn’t it that 20 million yuan will be injected into the foundation account, and the future will be national and cannot be reversed?" I am willing! " As a result, Lihua officially started the foundation registration process. There is another unforgettable thing. On the day of the first "Han Meilin Day" on December 21st, 2013, Lihua couldn’t go back to Yinchuan to see her father off because she wanted to organize activities. I still can’t forgive myself for this.

　　In order to facilitate her work, many years ago, Lihua became a semi-retired lawyer. She moved her family to a place close to us and devoted most of her energy to Merrill Lynch’s career. Many jobs of Han Meilin Art Foundation and Han Meilin Art Museum cannot be separated from her. Her small home is decorated like a small art salon, which is sure to win the favor of her colleagues.

　　Can a senior lawyer "rebel" into a senior art practitioner, isn’t this a love bonus for me and Merrill Lynch?

Introduction to the author of Just in Time

　　Zhou Jianping, a screenwriter, was born in 1964 and graduated from the first writer’s class of Chinese Department of Zhejiang University. At present, he is the chief curator of Han Meilin Art Museum in four places (Hangzhou, Beijing, Yinchuan and Yixing) and the secretary general of Han Meilin Art Foundation. He used to be vice chairman and secretary general of Zhejiang Film Association, director of large-scale activities of China Film Association, director of Beijing Youth Development Foundation, director of China Tianhan Foundation, director of China Film Foundation, director of China Xia Yan Literature Society and director of China Film Producers Association. He has created more than 2 million words of movies, TV series, novels and reportage, and published them in major publications all over the country. Among them, the screenplay "penitentiary angel" was put on the screen by the famous director Xie Jin. In 1996, the film won the highest honor award in the third Beijing University Student Film Festival and was selected as the fourth World Women’s Congress of the United Nations. Since 2002, he has been the general planner of the award ceremony of China Golden Rooster and Hundred Flowers Film Festival for 13 consecutive years.

I want to go to work, like a company.

Editor’s Note: This article is from WeChat WeChat official account’s "Burning Finance" (ID: rancaijing), by Zhao Lei Jin Yan Lijiao, Kong Mingming Tang Yahua Liming Meng Yana Su Qi, edited by Jia Wei and 36Kr.
With the epidemic raging, many companies are still required not to return to work before a specific date after the legal holiday is extended for three days. For this reason, many companies have adopted online office, and white-collar workers in the workplace have experienced a brand-new working mode for a week.
Today, some enterprises have resumed collective work, but in order to minimize risks, more companies still require employees to work from home. For most people who are used to collective work, working from home faces many new challenges.
Temptation is everywhere. Some people haven’t woken up at the morning meeting, some people will hesitate to watch the drama or work first, and some people just want to slap the cat and have no intention to work. Besides, even if they are self-disciplined, some people are tortured by the family environment, the noise of children, the doubts of parents and the trivial things of life, all of which make people collapse.
Everyone has different methods on how to ensure work efficiency and quality in a comfortable environment, how to deal with many interferences such as family members, pets and daily life matters, and how to deal with various attendance reporting regulations implemented by the company to ensure efficiency.
Burning Finance interviewed 11 professionals and listened to their real feelings about working at home. Their common aspiration was: "I want to go to work, like a company!"
Family care affects work efficiency, but you can’t get angry.
Hu Qing is a 28-year-old packaging designer of Internet company.
I do design work and serve Party A. I am busy at ordinary times and have no time to rest. At the end of last year, my health really couldn’t stand it. I took an extra week off and went back to my hometown in advance. I thought, leave some time to spend with my family, pick up what I didn’t have time to do before, and draw some watercolors. I bought a whole set of tableware specially years ago, thinking of going back to Beijing a few days in advance after the year and cooking for myself. It was a good idea.
Results Due to the epidemic situation, the start-up time was extended indefinitely. We officially started work on the 3rd, and I have been working in my hometown since the fifth day, because I still have some unfinished work from years ago. But working from home is very inefficient.
Although affected by the epidemic, the Spring Festival is not allowed to visit, but because mom and dad live with grandparents, the children of grandpa’s brothers still come to worship the New Year in batches. Some people with children are noisy for hours, and they can’t work without talking; Even if there are no guests, the family is basically restless. My dad and grandpa like to provoke each other when they play chess, and then they quarrel. Grandpa likes to read the news one by one, and he likes to talk to himself when watching TV dramas. It’s no use putting on headphones. Grandma comes in every few minutes to deliver snacks. She wants to make sure that the water in my cup is always full and warm. My mother asks me once a day before cooking, what to eat today. It’s obviously love, and you can’t get angry, and I can’t explain the nature of my work clearly.
After staying at home for half a month, I felt that I had reached the limit. I went back to Beijing ahead of time against their wishes. Only after I returned to Beijing did I find that eating became a problem. At home, I eat with my mouth open. When I come back, I have to do everything myself because I can’t order takeout. Before returning to Beijing, my mother was worried that I wouldn’t be able to cook pasta. She prepared dried noodles, steamed bread and various cakes in advance, and bought me two boxes of milk and instant noodles. The food ordered from JD.COM should also be eaten sparingly. The most important thing is that the level is limited, and I don’t want to eat any more after eating a few meals made by myself. One night, I really wanted to eat hot pot, and the e-commerce couldn’t deliver it. I wanted to go to the supermarket and buy it now, but I was finally persuaded by my roommate. In an extraordinary period, a hot pot has become extravagant. The next day, her mother came to cook us a five-color jiaozi to satisfy our hunger.
Five-color jiaozi made by my roommate’s mother Source/Respondent Photo courtesy
I used to complain that I was too busy at work and didn’t have time to exercise my cooking skills. I thought I was a gourmet who was delayed by work, but now I think I may be thinking too much. I miss the days when I ordered takeout with my colleagues and ate and drank with friends after work. ……
After frying all the dishes that can be fried, there is only a quarrel left.
Tangtang 30-year-old media practitioner
My husband and I have been married for more than a year. Usually, we occasionally cook on weekends and flatter each other’s cooking skills, which is quite fun. This epidemic, cooking at home for more than ten days in a row and continuing to work at home, really collapsed.
At first, I fried my own meatballs under the remote guidance of my mother. Up to now, we have compressed it into buying vegetables once every 10 days and eating two meals a day, and usually only one meal is decent, and the other meal is mainly leftovers. If you can’t do it again, quickly freeze jiaozi, stir-fried rice with eggs and cook instant noodles for two meals, and skip dinner for another meal on the grounds of losing weight. Moreover, we often cook when we are hungry, and we are already hungry when we are ready.
Figure/Pexels
We are both media people. Sometimes both of us have jobs and can’t cook. From time to time, we have to stage a decisive battle, waiting for each other to cook first. But the most angry thing is that he came to work several times as soon as the meal arrived. I don’t know if it was coincidence or intentional. And after I finish cooking, he always says, "Don’t wash the dishes, let me do it", but in the end, the dishes of each meal are put into the next one, and only when there is no way to cook can they be washed.
The office environment at home is also very poor. It is quite comfortable to work alone at a table, but two people will fight if they sit on their elbows in rows, and they will also affect each other if they are too close. In the end, I always put my computer on my lap to write in bed. After a few days, my waist and neck ached. In the end, I could only find a table that had not been used for ten thousand years and set up a temporary job. I changed jobs in front of the table.
I want to go back to work, the kind that goes to the company, the kind that can go out for dinner.
It depends on DDL to decompress cats at home every day and improve work efficiency.
Keke is 27 years old and an employee of a public relations company.
I have been working from home for five days. When I first knew that I wanted to work from home, I thought it would be particularly cool, but I may have overestimated my self-discipline. We have a routine meeting every morning, and I can basically guarantee that I am awake during the meeting. But working from home, I feel very insecure, because I can’t see others. Working from home may be half as efficient as before. When you are bored or anxious, and no one talks, it is easy to brush Tik Tok to relieve stress.
I think there is still the biggest challenge in working from home, that is, how to refrain from bothering the cats at home. My cat has been annoyed by me recently and attacks me every day. Moreover, working from home, buying food and eating is also a difficult problem. Since the closed management of the community, it is too much trouble to bring a pass when going out. I tried to order vegetables online, but I couldn’t grab vegetables until noon every day. I simply hoarded a pile of quick-frozen jiaozi and instant noodles and lived on them every day.
Figure/Pexels
Recently, the cat food at home is almost out of ammunition, and the merchant said that it would not be delivered until the tenth. Recently, our cat is always looking out of the window with a worried face, probably wondering if the shovel officer is unemployed, and there is no canned cat to eat anymore.
I feel that after working from home, the communication efficiency within the company has improved, and the boss basically has to be on call when he calls me. But it’s not necessarily when contacting customers. Yesterday, I made an appointment with a customer for a meeting at 2 pm, but I didn’t reply until 6 pm. I think DDL (deadline) is the most useful thing to improve work efficiency.
This morning, the company informed us to continue working at home, and I feel that I can make a quick-frozen dumpling evaluation soon. I really want to go to work
Please be kind to the "cooks" who cook while working.
Ma Ning, 35, vice president of investment in entertainment workshop
Our investment in this line has always required frequent cross-regional audio and video conferences, and I am also a veteran user of many online office software, so I was not caught off guard by the matter of "working from home". However, this time, the large-scale collective work at home in China has made me realize some changes.
First, everyone saves commuting time, and no one has an excuse to be late anymore. If you need to hold a meeting at any time, basically let us know 10 minutes in advance and give you time to prepare briefly, and you can immediately enter the meeting.
Second, the efficiency of the meeting has been greatly improved. Unlike in the past, when people met face to face, we first exchanged pleasantries and chatted gossip, then waited for colleagues who were not here, or ordered a cup of coffee and took a takeaway from time to time. Now, audio and video conferences are straight to the point and only talk about dry goods.
Figure/Pexels
Third, the value of collaborative office and online conference tools has been maximized. In the past, many software users only dabbled in the most basic functions, but now they are using some functions in depth when they have to work from home. I find that the synchronous editing function of document collaboration is both time-saving and clear. Many approvals are moved online, and it is clear where the process has gone, which can encourage everyone to concentrate more and improve efficiency.
But there are also several challenges. First, you need to consider three meals a day. For example, at 11: 30, the company must be in a state of concentrated work, but when working at home, it is necessary to consider preparing lunch, and it is easy to blur the line between work and cooking. Once I cooked soup, and I figured it would take three hours. When I cooked the soup, I went to a conference call. When it was on, the soup pot sounded a warning sound. Working at home, it still needs some challenges to switch the brain between the cook mode and the white-collar mode, so please be kind to the cooks who work and cook at home.
Second, there are many temptations. For example, I’ve been chasing the Taiwanese drama "I want to see you" recently, and when I’m working at home, I wonder if I should watch the two episodes updated last night. Fortunately, the workload during working at home is not very saturated, which can improve work efficiency and save yourself some time to catch up with plays, read books and have some entertainment.
The company is in a dilemma because of the danger of collective office and the trouble of telecommuting.
Feng Chen is a 27-year-old engineer in a chip research and development company.
For us programmers, it is actually very inconvenient to work from home, but in a special period, for safety reasons, the company decided to let us work from home on February 3, but neither the company nor I have ever encountered such a situation before, so I was in a hurry at first, and the efficiency was very low, which might only reach 30%-50% of the collective office.
I especially remember clearly that on the 3rd, our whole department basically didn’t do any substantive work, and the most troublesome thing was to configure the environment. Because we had to work remotely, we needed to connect to the company’s computers. We originally planned to use VPN, but later some colleagues couldn’t connect, so we needed to install a remote desktop software on their computers for operation and maintenance to remotely control the company’s computers. As a result, our company’s operation and maintenance was alone, and the configuration was very slow.
While waiting for the operation and maintenance, the leaders set up several groups to simply assign tasks. If there is any problem, they need to give feedback in the groups. Finally, I waited for the remote connection to the office computer. I copied some codes locally and configured the computer environment, and the first day ended hastily.
Figure/Pexels
Inefficiency is certain. On the one hand, programmers need strong teamwork, online communication efficiency is not as good as collective office, and large companies may be better. Our division of labor is sometimes not clear, and we need to discuss it together when we encounter problems, such as having a look at it together when we encounter bugs, and going to colleagues’ computers when we encounter data operation errors. These are not easy to do; On the other hand, I do get all kinds of interference at home. My mother always chats with me, does all kinds of chores, and is not in the mood to work.
There are two worst things. On Tuesday, I asked an intern on WeChat, which was very important. As a result, he didn’t reply to me until a day later, which was very delayed. If I worked in a group, I would go directly to his workstation to urge him. What’s worse, we are making chips, and there is a process that requires actual hardware operation, otherwise we can’t continue. This chip is in the company, and I have always been responsible for the layout of the program to the chip. In a hurry, I returned to Beijing from home early, and I was delayed on the road all day on Wednesday (February 5). I finally returned to Beijing because of traffic control, black cars and other bad worries. I went to the company on Thursday to get the chip and was advised to go home to work.
So this week is spent in a hurry, the remote environment is not good, and the jam is serious. In order to ensure work efficiency, our weekly newspaper has been changed into a daily newspaper, but the work done at home is simple and the workload is less, so the daily newspapers are written in half and compiled in half. I also happen to be in charge of the daily summary of a project, and it is necessary to integrate several people’s daily newspapers, which is simply an addition.
Fortunately, we will go to the company to work collectively this week, but we will encounter more risks and even have no place to eat. This is also very troublesome. I just hope that the epidemic will pass quickly, otherwise it will be really torture.
The workload is very heavy, and the two children can only concentrate on their work after taking a nap.
Xiaoxue is 35 years old and an employee of a company.
On February 3rd, our company announced that it would not go to the company for the whole of February, and all of them would go online, and it might also be working from home in the next few months. I’m quite comfortable, because I’ve always had the habit of working online. Working from home is actually a state, and everyone is constantly debugging.
In fact, my workload is still quite heavy. On the one hand, I have to do sales business, manage teams, recruit people, and do online activities. But I think the most important thing is time planning.
There are two boys in my family who are brought up by myself. Erbao is just over one year old. She has to nurse, put to sleep, take a bath and cook three meals a day, which consumes a lot of time.
Home office meetings have been disturbed by all kinds of noises from children, and cooking time is too late because of a long meeting. I just explained to my child that it’s working time now. We call it online office, not vacation at home. Everyone has to work, so he is very good at reading next to him now.
Every day from 3 pm to 5 pm, after the children fall asleep, it is a concentrated office time for me. Make a cup of coffee and have a conference call. At this time, our meeting is actually very efficient, and it basically ends in 20 minutes. We named the work group "overtaking in corners", and we wanted to make our team bigger and recruit excellent people quickly in this process.
Figure/Pexels
Online office is actually more efficient, but offline office is easier to go deep. For communication and collaboration, it is definitely better offline. Of course, in this process, new recruits may not be able to feel the corporate culture well. Many people choose the company for team culture and values, and working online is difficult to understand, which is one of the disadvantages.
Personally, I really want to go out, but I don’t particularly want to punch in at the company. The work is like this. If something is forced to be done and there is not so much autonomy, I will be very unhappy. But if there is no KPI, everything is what I want to do, and I can see the progress of my grades, so I will be very motivated.
Collapse with baby, and finally have to isolate themselves.
Xiaoxi 30-year-old employee of a knowledge service MCN organization.
I have been working from home for 7 days. At first, I heard that I was going to work from home. I was super excited. This is my dream way of working. I work in Wangjing but live in Tongzhou. It always takes me three or four hours to go to work every day. I have a child at home, and I want to have more time to accompany him to grow up, so I asked my boss as early as years ago whether I could cooperate in part-time after the year. But the company does not provide insurance and provident fund for part-time employees, and I am very entangled. After the epidemic came, I thought it was all right. I could work at home with peace of mind, and someone would pay the social security provident fund, without delay.
Our company belongs to the knowledge service MCN organization, and working from home hardly affects our business, but many colleagues are now trapped in their hometown. When we have a group conference call, we can always hear all kinds of strange voices inside. One morning, when we held a morning meeting, I heard a chicken crow.
The company doesn’t stipulate that we need to punch in, and the working hours are free, but the working hours have become longer, and we will be called to communicate on the rest day. At the meeting, the boss usually has something to say and will use the company’s economic crisis to stimulate everyone’s enthusiasm for work. Once the boss said in a telephone conference that the company’s cash flow can last for two months, which can ensure that everyone’s wages are paid normally, but after two months, the company’s development depends on everyone’s performance during this period.
Figure/Pexels
I have a 3-year-old baby at home who is always clamoring for my company. I have to say "Mom, you play with me" at least twenty times a day. I can only say to him, wait a minute, you play first. At first, he agreed that I would sit on the ground with him, he would play by himself, and I would use the computer to work. Later, he wouldn’t even let me touch the computer. Although my family understands my work very well and is trying to help me with my children, men have limited patience with their children, and soon they will be at odds, and I have to come out to mediate.
In the end, I can only isolate myself, divide an office boundary for myself, communicate with my family in advance what time I want to work, and don’t disturb my working hours. But when I work alone, I can’t resist the temptation of snacks, and I always want to go to bed. I think working late at night is the most efficient, so I always work at night recently, and black and white are reversed.
Now, I miss working days very much.
Dress up and work at home every day, and urge employees by video conference.
Liu Xin 32-year-old CEO of a startup company
I started working from home in the seventh grade, and I started to let all the employees of the company work from home in the tenth grade. At first, I was lazy, wearing pajamas and slippers every day. Later, I found that there was no working state, so I set aside a relatively independent office space at home as my temporary office and completely entered the working mode.
I think life needs a sense of ceremony, and work needs formality, which has nothing to do with where you work. My daily on-the-job time is from 9: 30 am to 6: 30 pm, which requires all employees of the company to punch in, and I wear formal clothes every day and make up in the morning, just like I usually go to work in the company, so that I can feel that I am really at work, not dawdling. Believe me, when you spend half an hour at home every day putting on makeup, formal clothes and high heels, you can’t even be lazy.
My family doesn’t understand why I have to wear formal clothes at home. I can feel that my mother is looking at me with different eyes every day. Moreover, she always thinks that I am going out to meet people, and she will come to "inspect" from time to time. She pricks up her ears whenever there is any movement in my room, lest I sneak out when she is not looking.
Most of my work is done on the computer, and the arrangement of work is remote command, and I seldom make phone calls. Parents don’t understand. They think you are just watching the computer. One day, my mother came to me and asked me, "You dress like a waiter and sit at home watching the computer every day. What are you doing?"
Figure/Pexels
We hold a video conference for all employees of the company at 10 o’clock every morning. I demand that it must be video, not voice, because then employees will pay attention to it. Otherwise, it’s very likely that everyone is lying in bed and having a meeting with you, so where is the working atmosphere? And only by video conference can I see everyone’s status and better grasp everyone’s work progress.
One of the biggest problems of telecommuting is that communication is difficult to convey emotions. I prefer to communicate face to face. There will be a very embarrassing scene in remote communication: my side is about to explode with anger, but the other party may not know that I am so anxious to drop my mobile phone, but I can only drop my mobile phone when I fall and fall. If it was face-to-face communication, these problems would not exist.
During this period of working at home, I feel that it is because I can work and dress formally every day that I feel that I have not become a eating machine. Otherwise, you really just eat at home every day. I think a mature working woman needs a self-disciplined professional spirit.
Collective office is a ceremony of a working day, which gives life a sense of regularity.
Liang You, 26, founder of Tiaohai Pub.
From the beginning of Chinese New Year’s Day, my girlfriend and I lived such a life: getting up at 10 or 11 in the morning, preparing to cook lunch, eating at 2 or 3 in the afternoon, playing mobile phones, chatting, preparing to cook dinner, eating dinner at 7 or 8 in the evening, watching a movie or playing games, and sleeping. The same life, we have lived to the 16th day.
I was very depressed when I first learned the news of the epidemic, because I was the owner of the main line and I was particularly depressed about not being able to run it.
For me, the biggest challenge of working from home is my state. Because everyone is forced to work at home this time, and the epidemic is so serious, it is easy to be emotionally overloaded, and it is very uncomfortable for me not to go out. The adjustment of mental health is the biggest challenge I am facing at present. Although I also have two dogs, I feel good about the interference of cats and dogs. Many companies also have cats after all.
I think the difference between collective office and home office is mainly in the sense of ceremony. The efficiency of collective office is not necessarily higher than that of home office, but collective office is a ceremony of working day. Getting up and going to the company on time will give you a sense of regularity in your life, similar to Morita therapy. Working in groups is also conducive to cultivating team feelings, and working at home has a feeling of losing contact with the team.
I think working from home is even more efficient than working in groups in specific and planned affairs, but there are some soft things you can’t see, especially working in groups can collide with many new ideas and ideas that are not planned.
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The biggest feeling now is that I feel uncomfortable and insecure. I used to feel that all kinds of accidents and disasters were particularly far away from me, but this time it seems to be around me. Besides, I am a very sociable person, and it is really hard for me to stay at home every day. Sometimes in the morning, I take the opportunity to buy food and go out for a walk in the street. There are not many people, and every breath of air makes people feel sweet.
At present, we can’t open the pub offline, so we plan to open it online. There are four shopkeepers in the pub. From the first day of junior high school, each shopkeeper broadcasts live for one hour every week, which makes me feel connected with the outside world again. I am very happy. I think Modern Sky also made a bedroom music festival. Although these can’t be realized, they are all very interesting.
But I think, don’t always think about the difference between working from home and working in groups, just focus on what you want to do, and don’t put too much emphasis on time arrangement, otherwise you will get stuck in that competition and can’t get out.
Work is also a kind of socialization, and it is difficult to find a sense of belonging in telecommuting.
Gong Siying, Chief Strategy Officer of Mor.AI
This period of time, not only work, in fact, the whole life is at home, which is a little different from the usual home office. Last week, we made a special survey of all employees and asked them about working at home. Everyone’s reply was quite interesting.
70%-80% of our company are R&D personnel. In the questionnaire, the average score of telecommuting reached 8.09 (out of a total score of 10), and 5% of employees thought that they even exceeded their goals.
For telecommuting tools, WeChat is mostly used for communication, and nails are used for meetings and punching. Tencent documents and our own internally developed wiki are used for document sharing and information.
To sum up, everyone thinks that the advantages of working from home are that the feedback from daily work meetings is timely, the tasks are clear, and the implementation level is high, which reduces the non-urgent interruption of work and maintains the continuous stability of work. There has also been more internal communication and closer contact with cooperative departments.
Of course, there are also some challenges. For example, we have to test the equipment, but the test equipment can’t be shared, so we can’t reproduce many problems. Online communication is sometimes not as good as face-to-face communication, and the efficiency is reduced, especially for three or five new employees who have just joined the company recently. It is a bit difficult to adapt, and some financial software must be operated by the company’s computer.
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There is one thing we have to admit. Few companies in China telecommute. The boss in China prefers to "supervise" what employees are doing, so he has no idea. When you start telecommuting at once, the boss will actually be more anxious than the employees. There are also some remote collaboration tools that are not ready. On the first day of construction, both nails and corporate WeChat collapsed, which is a good proof.
If the tools are not ready, the telecommuting effect will be greatly reduced. For example, nailing, everyone’s version is different, and the function will be different; For another example, offline everyone likes you to write a few strokes when talking about whiteboard, but online this kind of cloud projection and screen collaboration software is rarely used.
Recently, everyone’s life must be relatively monotonous. In fact, mentality is very important at this time. A friend of mine told me that now I feel that my job is 007 and I have to work all the time. I used to be able to do other things, but now I’m locked at home. There’s no reason to refuse the job request. But life still needs to go on. You need to turn life into more than just work, otherwise people will go crazy by the third week or even a month.
In the culture of China, work is also a social activity, and telecommuting makes it difficult for employees to feel a sense of belonging. Many people’s friends come from work partners and colleagues, and telecommuting will reduce this part of communication. So back to the essence, the biggest challenge of telecommuting is not efficiency, but culture.
After sitting at home for half a month, I can finally go to work today.
Shen Xiaoqian, 36, Shanghai Jiangsu Chamber of Commerce
We are a chamber of commerce. Recently, all enterprises are donating money and materials. Every day, information comes from all directions. I basically read mobile phone messages 24 hours a day.
Sadly, I have to finish all these intense work, and I don’t know when my little daughter will jump on my back in the next second. She had a new trick yesterday, spilling yogurt directly on my keyboard. If I usually go to work, I only show up at night and weekends a week. Now suddenly I am at home every day, and she wants to play with me every day.
I still have an eldest daughter at home, and I have to keep an eye on her. Will I go to see the iPad for a while, chat again for a while, and have to keep an eye on her to preview the courses for the second half of the semester? Doing radio exercises, skipping rope, dancing, martial arts and practicing the piano every day, each project needs to be punched online, and the time is full.
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Every time, my family calls for dinner, so I can have complete time to do my own thing by sending these two little ones down for dinner.
In addition, there are indeed too many conference calls when working from home. What was originally called face to face has to be said by phone, but it may not be clear. Some things may have just been finished with one person and have to be synchronized with another. In particular, when it comes to donations, everyone is in a hurry. Originally, everyone was resting during the New Year, and they kept calling to urge the progress. I am also a little embarrassed.
I’m going to return to work today (February 10th), and I actually support it. After sitting at home for half a month, there is no New Year’s atmosphere in shopping malls and streets. It’s really depressed. I think it’s better to go back to work. Many chains in the market are interlocking, and enterprises can’t produce until workers are on duty. You have to go out to see how the market is, and you can’t stay at home all the time.
* The title map comes from Pexels. At the request of the interviewees, Hu Qing, Tang Tang, Ke Ke, Xiao Xue, Xiao Xi and Liu Xin are pseudonyms.
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