Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation

    [Zhongguancun Online] Xiaomi’s evaluation: The word "machine emperor" has not been used since the decline of Nokia. This time Xiaomi is trying to pick up this crown through Xiaomi’s top version, and 2999 also makes it the most expensive in history, with 3,000 yuan. The cautious Lei Jun finally did not dare to cross the line. From the configuration point of view, Xiaomi Top Edition does have the potential to compete for the Android machine emperor, but the era of Nokia’s "Spring and Autumn Five Overlords" has long passed. Feelings, fans and small beauty and sales are king. After Xiaomi has set a guarantee of 100 million sales, you will find that Xiaomi Top Edition is not a good player. Why do you want to win the hat of "Android Machine Emperor"? It is nothing more than the root of its life-"born for a fever" can’t be lost. From the slogans of "continue to have a fever" and "have a fever to the end", you should understand that Xiaomi needs a platform for fans and himself that can be called "machine emperor".

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Top Edition Evaluation

    This is the top version of Xiaomi. Although there is no change in appearance from the standard version of Xiaomi, it is undeniable that it is the most beautiful mobile phone of Xiaomi, even if it is taken out, it is not inferior to other brand products. If Xiaomi used to beat the world with fever and price/performance ratio and MIUI, Xiaomi at least made up the short board of Yan value. In order to reflect its status as a machine emperor, Xiaomi abandoned the traditional yellow environmental protection packaging and specially designed the distinguished black version, which was considerate to enhance his worth.

    Both sides of the material are made of Corning Gorilla’s third-generation glass, which is obvious to all. However, because the back glass is smooth and has no resistance, it is easy to fall on an angled desktop or book. If you are not at ease, it is recommended to use a protective cover. Compared with the standard version, the Xiaomi top version is coated with a unique champagne gold color, which is closer to the true color of gold than the new gold color.

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Xiaomi ding Pei ban

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Xiaomi top version VS 

    The key word of Xiaomi Top Edition appearance is curved glass.This year’s glass wind Xiaomi followed in time. The 2D front panel glass and 3D curved glass back cover, together with aluminum alloy metal frame, basically laid the foundation for Xiaomi’s top version, and the face value was not much different. However, it does take a lot of effort to create the texture of the product. The process of 3D curved glass is extremely difficult, and it needs to be carved by machine tools, polished six times, preheated four times and finally shaped at high temperature, and finally the glass gets an excellent feel. The wrapped metal frame is also improved a lot compared with the previous generation, CNC trimming is no longer conspicuous, and the two materials of metal and glass are closely nested with each other, and the workmanship is in the middle and upper reaches.

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Xiaomi ding Pei ban

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Xiaomi ding Pei ban

    Different from the same 3D curved glass, the combination of Xiaomi top plate glass and metal is not so friendly and natural, and the back is deliberately touched and has a heavy cutting feel. This is the only place where Xiaomi top plate is not satisfied in my hand.

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Millet top matching corner cutter

Xiaomi top layout configuration

Screen keywords: 2K screen+sunshine screen technology

    Compared with the standard version, the first upgrade of the top version is the screen. The screen resolution with Sharp /JDI deep customization is improved from 1080P to 2K, and the PPI is as high as 515. Xiaolong 810 with 2K screen has basically become the flagship standard. Although the 2K screen and 1080P screen have not changed much visually, as a top-equipped mobile phone, 2K can better reflect the advantages of Xiaolong 810.

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
5. Screen

     Xiaomi, who likes soaring new words, uses three technologies for this screen: negative LCD technology+high color saturation technology+sunshine screen technology.

    Negative LCD technology, which is scary to read, is actually an improvement in LCD technology. Most LCD products use positive LCD screens. The liquid crystal particles of the positive liquid crystal panel are arranged vertically. When the screen displays black, because the backlight system is still working, a lot of light will pass through the two ends of the liquid crystal particles, causing the screen display to be "gray". The advantage of the negative liquid crystal technology is that the horizontal liquid crystal particles block most of the light when the liquid crystal particles are not energized, and the screen’s performance to black is closer to the off-screen state. When the liquid crystal particles are electrified, they deflect to the vertical direction, and more light passes through, so the details of the bright part of the image become more prominent. Xiaomi Top Edition also uses UV Align technology, which makes the liquid crystal cell display black more thoroughly, and at the same time achieves an ultra-high contrast ratio of 1400:1.

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
2K screen

     Another advantage is that the overall voltage level of the screen is more stable, which is of great benefit to the life of the screen. Moreover, because there is no need for high-power backlight, the heat and power consumption of the screen will be reduced, which can be regarded as a compensation for Xiaomi top version with 2K screen. In fact, this beautiful and power-saving screen was used as early as Meizu MX4 and Huawei Glory 6 Plus.

    High color saturation technology:

    High color saturation technology has been used since Xiaomi 3. This highly talked about ultra-high color saturation technology is once again reflected in Xiaomi Top Edition, reaching 95%NTSC color gamut. High color saturation means that we can get more colors from the screen.

    Sunshine screen technology:

   Xiaomi Sunshine Screen technology is the most intuitive function we see, which supports dynamic contrast adjustment at pixel level. When we appreciate some photos with insufficient light and dark saturation, the screen will automatically correct the display, which is similar to the familiar HDR function, and can fully show the screen display effect of Gao Fancha. At the same time, the display effect of this screen in the sun is clearer, and the power saving effect is better, saving about 30% compared with the traditional screen.

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
2K screen

    In daily use, the positive screen can optimize the contrast in the local area of the picture, so that the details can be better presented; Improve readability under strong light, and we don’t need to manually adjust brightness. Let’s learn about the sunshine screen through a video:


Sunshine screen demonstration video

    The sunshine screen adopts the Local tone mapping algorithm, and counts and calculates each frame displayed on the screen, which can be completed within 16ms, thus realizing almost real-time dynamic adjustment of the content displayed on the screen. You will find that when the light is close to the sensor, the screen will automatically repair the picture, and this response speed is more obvious under strong light.

    On the screen, Xiaomi’s top version didn’t throw a 2K screen rudely. At the same time, Xiaomi also reformed the power consumption of the screen. The addition of negative LCD technology and sunshine screen made the display effect a bright spot. Finally, the mobile phone also added an eye protection mode to reduce the blue light source and brightness of the screen separately, thus reducing visual fatigue.

Photograph: Compare Plus and S6 Edge.

    The residue of the previous generations of Xiaomi’s photo effect is obvious to all, which has become a very dark handle that he does not want to let go. The Xiaomi Top Edition retained the 13-megapixel camera from Xiaomi 3, because it finally realized that the high-pixel sensor could not determine the quality of the photos. For this reason, OIS optical image stabilization and 14-bit image processor were added to the top edition, and the dark image quality was enhanced at the same time. Lei Jun even challenged a Plus, and made a comparison from the appearance image quality test of MTF resolution and SNR respectively:     

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Image quality comparison (picture quoted from Sina Weibo)

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Image quality comparison (picture quoted from Sina Weibo)

    Many mobile phones will challenge Apple when they are released, but we all know that the parameters and tests do not represent the final imaging quality. Here are two indoor proofs to test Xiaomi Top Edition and iPhone6 Plus:    

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Xiaomi Top Edition (left) VS 6 Plus (right) Click to enlarge.

    The photos taken by Xiaomi Top Edition are warmer in color, but closer to the real color. Because Xiaomi camera has higher pixels, it retains more details. From the perspective of tolerance, the light-dark transition range of Xiaomi top version is wider, which also explains the convex and concave parts of the cactus. Xiaomi top version can clearly see the details, while iPhone6 Plus lost this part of the details due to the excessive contrast. However, the overall color of the Xiaomi Migao version is too dull, which makes some over-optimized iPhone6 Plus look better visually.

    Next, let’s try the photo effects of Xiaomi Top Edition and Popular Machine Emperor, which are also two proofs in the same environment.    

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Xiaomi Top Edition (left) VS (right) Click to enlarge.

    From this point of view, the top version of Xiaomi has a higher degree of restoration, but there is more noise in dark places such as the ceiling. Edge intends to improve the brightness in the later stage, so we can see that its dark details are better, and it also occupies a certain advantage. The details are better, and the optimized picture is cleaner, but the true degree of restoration is not as high as a meter.   

    This time, Xiaomi highlighted its dark-light photography technology. In the later optimization, it added the noise reduction technology based on intelligent multi-frames. In the dark environment, it continuously took three pictures and conducted intelligent analysis and noise reduction, which finally made the photos bright as a whole. We also tested its night shooting effect from several pictures:

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Night proof

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Night proof

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Night proof

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Night proof

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Night proof

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Night proof

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Night proof

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Night proof

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Night proof

    As can be seen from the figure, Xiaomi Top Edition has been effective in suppressing noise, and glare has also been suppressed. Although the brightness has been improved, it still needs to be improved without turning on the flash.

    Here are some outdoor proofs:

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Outdoor proofs

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Outdoor proofs

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Outdoor proofs

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Outdoor proofs

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Outdoor proofs

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Outdoor proofs

     The front camera uses a 4-megapixel camera with a large pixel of 2um, which is the largest single pixel in mainstream mobile phones at present. A larger single pixel means that more light can be received, and the brightness of image quality will be improved as a whole. The front camera is more used for self-portrait, so we still invite beautiful editors to test its self-portrait effect and compare it with iPhone6 Plus. Let’s see which one looks better.    

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Xiaomi top version (left) iPhone6 Plus (right) selfie comparison

    The camera is the key optimization function of MIUI, so in addition to the post-optimization when taking pictures, this Xiaomi Top Edition has also added a number of humanized functions. The author picks out several highlights and recommends them to everyone. 

    The first is the fill-light mode for night-light photography. If you are in the dark, MIUI will automatically bring up the flash mode when taking pictures, and you can directly choose to automatically turn on the light, which saves you a step and does not need to stop to turn on the flash. In addition, the constant light mode is added to the flash mode, which can be used as supplementary light in dark light to avoid underexposure in flash.

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Flash fill light mode

    Second: peak focusing: a function in the SLR camera is transplanted to the mobile phone. When it is used, you can see the peak focusing option when you turn on the manual mode. When you focus manually, the camera will automatically paint the objects that have been focused, so that we can clearly see which objects have been focused when taking pictures, so as to avoid out-of-focus phenomenon, but it is of little use in real life, so you can have a taste.

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Peak focusing

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Level function

    Third: Level: Using the fact clipping function, the photos in the view frame can always be kept in a horizontal state, which is very useful for some obsessive-compulsive patients. People may seldom pay attention to this point in daily use, and it is also a good function if necessary.   

Configuration: 20nm Xiaolong 810+LPDDR4 4G storage.

    For enthusiasts, the running memory of Xiaolong 810 and 4GB is the G point of their climax, but it was once known as "the fastest computing speed in the world", and Xiaomi did not take the lead in Xiaolong 810 and 4GB memory. At least it has been proved that Xiaomi is no longer trying to prove that he is the first in performance like a young man, and he is beginning to mature mentally to make up for the shortcomings of performance. In addition, Xiaomi’s hottest product is not the most popular mobile phone, and the appearance of Xiaomi’s top version only meets the needs of a few enthusiasts.

    However, the configuration of the top version is still exciting. If you want to list a keyword, it should be:Xiaolong 810+8 core 64-bit++4GB memory+LPDDR 4+Adreno 430+A57+20nm process.It is these keywords that support the road of Xiaomi Top Edition to hardware fever.

     I believe you already know enough about Xiaolong 810. It adopts a new generation of 64-bit architecture, is manufactured based on a more advanced 20nm process, and draws lessons from the Big.LITTLE architecture design developed by ARM. It integrates four Cortex-A57 cores and four Cortex-A53 cores, with a maximum frequency of 2.0GHz. These two sets of CPU cores can be turned on and off intelligently according to the intensity of tasks to be handled by smart phones. When doing some operations that don’t require much hardware performance, the processor may only have one Cortex-A53 CPU core in the on state, while the other cores are in the off state, which can not only meet the performance requirements of the task process, but also save the power consumed by the processor to the greatest extent.

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
The performance of A57+A53 is greatly improved compared with the combination of A15+A7 (picture quoted from ARM).

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Xiaolong 810 is composed of four A57 cores and four A53 cores (picture quoted from ARM).

    Compared with the previous Andreno 420, the Adreno 430 GPU core integrated by Xiaolong 810 can improve the image processing performance by up to 30%, and supports screens with 1080P, 2K and 4K resolutions. Its default working frequency is 600MHz, the pixel filling rate is 6Gpix/s, and the triangle filling rate is 500 mtri/s. It also supports ES3.1+AEP and DirectX11.2

    The latest LPDDR4 standard is adopted in the memory, which is 1.7 times faster than LPDDR3, and the memory is increased to 4GB. At the same time, the reading speed of the built-in 64GB eMMC 5.0ROM is twice that of eMMC4.5.

    Running performance also exceeded 60,000:    

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Antu rabbit runs away.

    4GB of memory brings us a smoother experience, but the author also found that it is the same Xiaomi series, but the memory occupation of different versions is different. When the background is turned off, the remaining memory of 3GB of Xiaomi Standard Edition is 1.2G, while that of 4GB of Xiaomi Top Edition is GB1.6, and 4GB of memory does not bring more remaining space to Xiaomi Top Edition. In addition, before brushing this small memory application, Xiaolong 810 and Snapdragon 801 have little performance in speed, which can also be clearly seen from the video.


Left Xiaomi Top Edition VS Right Standard Edition

    The performance advantage of Xiaolong 810 needs large-scale games to play better, but it also involves the issue that everyone is most concerned about: fever. Samsung once unsubscribed from the chip because of the fever problem of Xiaolong 810. The Xiaolong 810 used in the Xiaomi top version is already the third version. So how does this third version of Xiaolong 810 perform in heat dissipation control?

    Xiaomi himself also tested the heat dissipation performance, playing large-scale games for 20 minutes, and the main area on the back of the mobile phone was about 36.3 degrees. We retested the authenticity of this data, and chose ""for the test and tried it for 30 minutes.

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Heat dissipation test

    As can be seen from this picture, after running a large game for 30 minutes, the surface temperature of the fuselage is close to 40 degrees at the highest, with an average of about 38 degrees, which is in line with the previous test performance of Xiaomi.

    In fact, Xiaomi is prepared for the heat dissipation of Xiaolong 810. The first is to optimize the frame structure of the fuselage to make the overall heat dissipation uniform. In the actual test, the author also found that the processor part has started to heat up after 5 minutes of trial play, but in the following time, the heat is transferred to the whole glass panel, which also proves that the overall heat dissipation design is effective. In addition, Xiaomi also added four graphite fins to expand the heat dissipation efficiency. It is this series of improvements that make Xiaomi Top Edition effectively control the fuselage temperature.

    Other highlights include the Sensor Hub coprocessor, similar to the coprocessor, which is used to help realize data processing of gyroscopes, acceleration sensors, geomagnetic sensors, etc., so as to reduce the burden of the main processor and thus achieve the effect of reducing power consumption. The whole series of Xiaomi also adds air pressure sensor, which can display air pressure and altitude in real time in the application of real compass.

HiFi music: ES9018K2M chip+double clock crystal oscillator

    Another improvement of Xiaomi Top Edition is aimed at the improvement of HiFi music system. Eight Panasonic audio capacitors are added in the new version to further improve the purity of sound quality, and stable power supply is realized through two-stage linear power supply to achieve stronger transient response. In the HiFi music system with Xiaomi Top Edition, Xiaomi MIUI system also rewrote the underlying audio of Android.    

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Xiaomi ding Pei ban

    Key words of HiFi system: ES9018K2M audio chip+secondary operational amplifier+double clock crystal oscillator+secondary power supply+8 Panasonic PPS audio capacitors.

    From the point of view of hardware stacking, Xiaomi Top Edition is undoubtedly the most ruthless one in HiFi music at present, and the hammer has been compared with the hardware. For example, the dual-clock crystal oscillator has no obstacle in the face of sampling rate conversion distortion; The format supports multi-system lossless music decoding, including APE, ,Wave and DSD;; Newly added two-stage regulated power supply and eight Panasonic PPS audio capacitors make the mobile phone have further performance in transient response and sound purity.

    Xiaomi Top Edition also has built-in lossless music. In the audition, Xiaomi Top Edition can hear more details, and the sound quality is low and soft, just like being there. However, for most non-HiFi enthusiasts, it is still a question whether HiFi can drive them to make large-volume lossless music.

Summary: How far is Xiaomi Top Plate Matching Machine Huang Road?

   Xiaomi Top Edition is equipped with MIUI 6 version developed based on Android5.0.2. We have already introduced MIUI 6 in many details, so I won’t repeat it here. Personally, I think MIUI V6 is the best one among many deeply customized Roms based on Android. If you are not a fruit powder or a Google powder, MIUI is actually very suitable for Chinese users, and its continuous update also provides more possibilities for optimization.

    Xiaomi Top Edition on the Internet is not a full netcom product. Although it is a dual-card dual-standby design and supports mobile and Unicom dual 4G, it is still a miss for telecom users. Cato designed Xiaomi Top Edition to support Micro-SIM card and Nano-SIM card, which can be directly inserted by both mainstream Android and users without cutting cards, which is commendable.

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition Evaluation
Xiaomi ding Pei ban

     As we mentioned earlier, Xiaolong 810 also adopts the LTE support of Cat.9 standard of carrier aggregation III, which can achieve three times faster than Cat.4, up to 450Mbps. While greatly improving the network speed, Xiaolong 810 also has complete global LTE coverage: it not only widely supports LTE/3G standards and frequency bands, but also realizes LTE high-speed connection when roaming, and falls back to 3G networks where there is no LTE coverage.

    In addition, Xiaomi also applies MU-MIMO multi-connection concurrent technology, which is the most advanced Wi-Fi protocol at present, and can solve the problem of transmission rate drop caused by multiple devices in the same network environment. In this network protocol environment, it can be three times faster than others.

Can you win the Android King? Xiaomi Note Top Edition EvaluationMU-MIMO data transmission 

     In terms of battery, the Xiaomi top version has been upgraded from the standard version of 3000 mAh to 3090 mAh. In addition, two charging modules have been added on the basis of fast charging. Using fast charging 2.0 technology, 9V1.2A charging technology can charge about 75% in one hour. Using dual charging modules, it can charge quickly and ensure uniform heat dissipation, which reduces the instability caused by temperature.

    Summary: Back to the question mentioned in the title, can Xiaomi Top Edition win the title? I believe that different people already have their own answers. Machine King is not a simple pile of hardware. Xiaomi’s advantage lies in MIUI. MIUI 6 has successfully transformed into a lightweight system, and it is also a ROM; suitable for most Chinese people. On the face value, Xiaomi has proved himself from the double-sided glass process, but there are also many face value mobile phones in the same position as Xiaomi, and Xiaomi is not the most beautiful; The standard of taking pictures has been greatly improved, but there are countless main camera phones, and Xiaomi is not the best; HiFi music and processor memory can be called top-notch, which is rare and has obvious price advantage. Generally speaking, Xiaomi Top Edition is a seed player with an average advantage. It may be the current Android machine king, but now the mobile phone technology is updated too fast, and the Xiaomi Top Edition with fingerprint recognition and borderless technology is not available. So, who knows how long this machine king’s hat will last?

        The above is a report on Xiaomi Note product evaluation. For the follow-up content of Xiaomi Note, such as appearance, screen, photo, battery life and performance, please continue to pay attention to Zhongguancun Online’s report on Xiaomi Note evaluation.

The conflict between Russia and Ukraine has reached a "key node"! The west says "the most dangerous stage is approaching"!

  [Global Times correspondent in Russia Sui Xin Global Times correspondent Ren Zhong Liu Yupeng] "The situation in Ukraine has reached a key node, which may determine long-term results." CNN reported on the 15th that with the rapid advance of Russian troops in important cities in eastern Ukraine, Ukrainian troops "running out of old Soviet weapons" are facing difficulties. Ukrainian officials are not only disappointed that Western military aid "flows into combat piecemeal", but also worried that Western commitments "will soften at a critical moment". The Governor of Lugansk State said on the 14th that Russia has now controlled about 80% of the industrial city of North Donetsk in eastern Ukraine and destroyed all three bridges out of the city. The website of the Royal Joint Research Institute of the Three Armies said on the 15th that the "most dangerous stage is approaching" of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. French President Macron said during his visit to Romania on 15th that Ukrainian President Zelensky would "have to negotiate with Russia".

  MSNBC)15 reported on the 15th that Russian troops blew up the last bridge in North Donetsk.

  British media said that "Russia occupied 80% of Northton"

  CNN15 reported on 15th that at present, military conflicts are mainly concentrated in two sister cities on both sides of the North Donetsk River — — North Donetsk and Lisichansk. Ukrainian troops are almost completely surrounded in northern Donetsk. Although western analysts believe that Ukraine is more likely to defend the higher-lying Lisichansk, "there are already disturbing signs that Russia is trying to cut off the supply line of the city by advancing from the southeast." Zelensky said last week that the competition between the two cities "largely determines the fate of Donbass".

  The Russian military announced that at 8: 00 local time on the 15th, it would open a humanitarian evacuation passage for civilians in the Yazott factory in North Donetsk, and at the same time demanded that the Ukrainian army in North Donetsk "stop meaningless resistance and lay down their weapons". Britain’s Independent newspaper said on 15th that the final stage of the contest in North Donetsk seems to be similar to that in upor, Mali last month. At present, Russian troops have occupied about 80% of Northton, and most Ukrainian troops have been forced to the suburbs.

  The website of "Russia Today" TV station reported on the 15th that on the evening of 14th, Ukrainian President Zelensky said through social media that Ukrainian troops suffered heavy losses in the fighting near North Donetsk and Kharkov. According to the French newspaper Le Monde reported on the 15th, Ukrainian officials said that the firepower of the Russian army is still far superior to that of the Ukrainian army. Now, 100 to 200 Ukrainian soldiers are killed every day because of the "complete inequality between the two armies".

  Russian Defense Ministry spokesman Konashenkov announced on the 15th that the Russian fleet destroyed an ammunition depot containing foreign weapons such as M777 howitzers made in the United States with "caliber" cruise missiles.

  Macron: Russia will always be in Europe.

  French President Macron began to visit Ukraine’s two eastern neighbors on the 14th — — The visits of Romania and Moldova have aroused widespread concern. According to Reuters, the French president had been criticized by Ukraine and some NATO countries, and he was considered as "ambiguous" in the conflict between Russia and Ukraine.

  On the evening of 14th, Macron arrived in the Romanian Black Sea port city of constanta and visited the French soldiers stationed there. He said: "It is the pride of France that stands at the forefront (on the eastern border of NATO)!"

  About 800 NATO troops are stationed at this base along the Black Sea, including 500 French soldiers and soldiers from other NATO countries such as the Netherlands and Belgium. France has also deployed a surface-to-air missile system here. According to reports from Reuters, on 15th, Macron tried to take a tougher stance towards Russia when he made a speech at this NATO military base. He said: "We will make every effort to stop Russian war troops and help Ukrainians and their troops." But he did not provide any details. He expressed "hope that Ukraine will win the war" and insisted that Ukraine must negotiate with Russia eventually. "We share a continent. Geography is always a thorny issue, and Russia is one of them. It was here yesterday (Europe), here today and here tomorrow. "

  Later on the 15th local time, Mark Long will fly to Moldova, which is the first time that the French President has visited the former Soviet Republic adjacent to Ukraine since 1998. According to sources, on the 16th, Macron will travel to Kiev to visit Ukraine with German Chancellor Angela Scholz and Italian Prime Minister Mario Draghi.

  Peace or non-peace?

  The New York Times said on the 15th that when the leaders of France, Germany and Italy plan to pay their first joint visit to Ukraine since the outbreak of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, they and other western leaders must decide whether to increase their armed forces against Ukraine or pressure Ukraine to negotiate with Moscow to end the conflict. Western leaders seem to agree that Ukraine’s ability to counterattack Russia depends largely on the speed and quantity of heavy weapons they provide to Ukraine. But they are also worried that the continuation will lead to the intervention of NATO countries and lead to a cruel escalation of the situation. European officials are also worried about the damage to their economies caused by inflation and high energy prices, as well as the possible political backlash at home.

  According to the "Russia Today" TV station reported on the 15th, some officials in the United States expressed concern about the situation in Russia and Ukraine. Speaking at a congressional hearing, US Deputy Treasury Secretary Ardeyeh Mo expressed concern that sanctions against Russia were "overused". He said that only the United States "imposed 1,000 sanctions on Russian institutions and individuals" after the conflict between Russia and Ukraine.

  The New York Times summed up the current situation in Russia and Ukraine in five sentences on the 15th — — The Russians are running out of precision guided weapons; Ukrainians are running out of Soviet ammunition; The world has lost patience with this conflict; Biden’s government is at its wit’s end; And China is watching the progress of the situation.

  "Peace or peace? Ukraine is at a crossroads. " The US National Interest magazine said on the 15th that since Russia changed its offensive strategy, the conflict has entered a certain deadlock, and Russia has made steady progress in eastern Ukraine in recent weeks. "It is estimated that Russia has captured about one-fifth of Ukraine’s territory, while some politicians in the West have begun to question the danger of long-term conflict in Eastern Europe." "National Interest" magazine said that the high cost and risk of protracted conflict should prompt Kiev to at least reconsider the prospect of peace talks with Russia. "Continuing the conflict will push up the cost, and even if Ukraine wins, it will hinder its development."

Do a good job of "six guarantees" and implement "six guarantees": the Ministry of Commerce takes three measures to stabilize foreign trade

  CCTV News:Stabilizing foreign trade and foreign investment is an important part of comprehensively doing the work of "six guarantees" and implementing the task of "six guarantees". The State Council Office held a press conference this morning (18th). Minister of Commerce Zhong Shan said that the global COVID-19 epidemic has spread, and the demand in the international market has indeed dropped sharply. China’s foreign trade has indeed faced unprecedented challenges this year, and the Ministry of Commerce will take three measures to stabilize foreign trade.

  Zhongshan said that first of all, we must help enterprises tide over the difficulties. Affected by the epidemic, enterprises are facing difficulties such as tight capital, falling orders and rising risks in industrial chain and supply chain.

  Zhong Shan emphasized that the government also actively helped foreign trade enterprises to export to domestic sales after the export was blocked and lagged behind. In April, the export to domestic sales increased by 17%, which shows that high-quality foreign trade products are also welcomed by domestic consumers.

  At the same time, it is necessary to consolidate the traditional market and open up new markets. Although the total import and export volume decreased by 4.9% in the first four months, the trade of countries along the Belt and Road has risen against the trend, and the proportion has also increased greatly. ASEAN has now become China’s largest trading partner. While expanding exports, we should also actively expand imports to prepare for the third China International Import Expo(CIIE). In addition, it is necessary to cultivate new trade formats and new models.

Shanghai Disneyland Food Raiders: 100 yuan is not full, and the 368 yuan meal should be booked

What are the foods in Shanghai Disneyland? What is the cost performance? On May 23rd, the article "Tips for Eating Food in Shanghai Disneyland" was pushed by WeChat WeChat official account, and it was introduced in detail. The following is the full text:

I walked 18,000 steps in one day, went to Disney three times, and went to 18 restaurants and dining cars in the size of the park. I didn’t let go of the popcorn dining cars in five parks. I tasted, photographed and commented. For this upcoming Disney food secret, Taurus said that before entering the park, I waited for it, and when I left the park, I was enough to eat a work-related injury. You can choose the fourth price:

50 yuan didn’t have an appetizer.

[Corn Hot Dog] 25 yuan

Squeeze in the included yellow mustard sauce, and eat it in one bite. The outside is corn flour similar to bread, and the inside is sausage, which is thicker than ordinary sausage, just like the difference between S and L, and it is very cost-effective as a snack.

[Dessert Foreign pastry] 25-45 yuan

In chef Xiaomi’s bakery, sweet apricot Denmark and sour cherry Denmark are also in 25 yuan. If you want to eat fruit tower and Mickey’s chocolate tower, 45 yuan can also handle it.

[Fruit Cup] 20-35 yuan

Generally, the fruit cup in the restaurant is 35 yuan, and in Chichititi fruit stall, the mixed fruit cup and the raisin cup are only 20 yuan.

55 yuan "tears" online celebrity.

Now online celebrity = popularity = queuing, this is the online celebrity of Disney food industry-turkey leg. Back then, a turkey leg was sold at Disneyland in Los Angeles, California for $9.99. The price in Shanghai Disneyland is 55 yuan RMB, and the price difference is not big, but the size is thinner than that in California, but compared with the turkey leg in Tokyo Disney, the size in Shanghai still wins. The flavor of Disney turkey legs will vary from place to place.

And in Disney, California, turkey legs are wrapped in food wrapping paper and put in trolleys to keep them moist and lock in water. In Shanghai Disneyland, the turkey leg is streaking, and you will be given disposable gloves. It is its duty to make a nice (tear-resistant) chicken leg.

100 yuan is not full.

100 yuan in hand has many choices in Shanghai Disneyland. Except for a grilled prawn, all the staple food packages are below 100 yuan.

[Hamburg] 75-80 yuan contains a drink.

If you want to eat quickly and go to HIGH, the hamburger set meal on Tomorrow’s World Star Terrace is the first choice. A cheeseburger with French fries and a drink will make a total of 80 yuan. Even a big stomach king can eat enough.

[Pizza] 85 yuan contains a drink.

Looking for a star Mickey-shaped pizza, you should go to Pinocchio country kitchen in the dream world, and choose the taste of Beijing roast duck. 85 yuan contains a drink.

[Rice] 85-95 yuan contains a drink.

Want to eat? Let’s go to Barbosa for a barbecue and choose a set of grilled ribs, or a grilled squid with Shanghai cuisine rice. 95 yuan and 85 yuan both contain drinks (the children’s meal in Barbosa is around 60 yuan).

368 yuan enjoys the mood

For those who want to have a big meal, the Royal Ballroom located in Disney Castle is just right for you. For 368 yuan, you can get a three-course western-style set meal of appetizer+staple food+dessert, as well as various soft drinks. Children aged 10 and under have a children’s menu, and the price is 258 yuan. Note: The above packages are subject to 15% service charge (reservation is required in advance). Choose 1 from 4 appetizers, 1 from 6 staple foods and 1 from 4 desserts. You can also enjoy the benefits of taking photos with Disney princesses-there are also princesses downstairs in the castle, and the queue is at least half an hour.

Jinniu NV DIY chaozhi packages

Big stomach king ★ Two positive meals and one snack 95+55+80=230 yuan.

1. Go straight to Barbosa BBQ for lunch, which is a popular king with a big face-grilled ribs set meal, with drinks in 95 yuan.

2. After playing the super-fast Nimbus, go to the turkey leg dining car and buy a big chicken leg to suppress the alarm, and 55 yuan can run around the garden again.

3. Dinner is the No.1-Cheese Beef Burger Set in Star Terrace Restaurant, and 80 yuan contains French fries and drinks.

Bird’s stomach ★ One positive and two snacks 50+45+20=115 yuan

1. A German sausage sandwich, 50 yuan, is poured with authentic sauerkraut, which relieves the greasy sausage and gives consideration to appetizing.

2. In the afternoon, I will go to Pa Parinaud to hold a piece of Donald Duck ice cream waffle 45 yuan. (Only after the official opening of the park)

3. Fruit-loving birds don’t forget to buy a mixed fruit cup or a raisin cup at Chichititi fruit stand, only in 20 yuan.

Dessert stomach ★ Full sweet honey 35+45+25+15=120 yuan

1. First, let’s have a raspberry finger puff 35 yuan produced by chef Xiaomi’s bakery.

2. As for afternoon tea, I am most looking forward to a Mickey-shaped chocolate tower 45 yuan. Remember to take English black tea from 15 yuan.

3. 25 yuan Curiosity Bar sold in the dining car of Paradise.

Cost-effective list

▲ high cost performance

TOP1 Jingwei Braised Mutton Tendon Package 85 yuan

TOP2 Grilled Rib Package 95 yuan

TOP3 Turkey Leg 55 yuan

TOP4 Corn Hot Dog 25 yuan

▼ Low cost performance

TOP1 Mickey Steamed Bun 35 yuan

TOP2 Gluten Stuffed Meat Package 75 yuan

TOP3 pretzels 30 yuan

TOP4 cucumber lemon special drink and lemon pomegranate special drink are all in 25 yuan.

★ Hot water and cold water

The details of Disney are really nuanced. First of all, there is a self-service water dispenser in the park, and hot water supply is also provided in many restaurants.

★ swipe your card

Most dining cars in the park mainly collect cash, while restaurants can swipe their cards. It is understood that Paradise has agreed with the payment company that the consumption below 300 yuan does not need to be signed.

Announcement of the State Council Customs Tariff Commission on Imposing Tariffs on Some Imported Goods Originated in the United States

Announcement No.1 of 2025 of the Tax Commission

  On February 1, 2025, the US government announced that it would impose a 10% tariff on all goods exported from China to the United States on the grounds of fentanyl and other issues. The unilateral imposition of tariffs by the United States is a serious violation of the rules of the World Trade Organization, which is not only not conducive to solving its own problems, but also undermines the normal economic and trade cooperation between China and the United States. 

  According to People’s Republic of China (PRC) Customs Law, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Customs Law, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Foreign Trade Law and other laws and regulations and the basic principles of international law, with the approval of the State Council, tariffs will be imposed on some imported goods originating in the United States from February 10, 2025. The relevant matters are as follows: 

  1. Impose a 15% tariff on coal and liquefied natural gas. See Annex 1 for the specific commodity range. 

  2. Impose a 10% tariff on crude oil, agricultural machinery, large-displacement vehicles and pickup trucks. See Annex 2 for the specific commodity range. 

  Three, for the imported goods listed in the annex originating in the United States, the corresponding tariffs will be levied on the basis of the current applicable tariff rate, and the current bonded and tax reduction and exemption policies will remain unchanged, and the additional tariffs will not be reduced. 

  Annex: 1. List of goods subject to 15% tariff 

  2. List of goods subject to 10% tariff 

  The State Council Customs Tariff Commission

  February 4, 2025

Qi Rui xing tu xing Ji yuan ET automobile is the world’s first Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited Shenxing rechargeable battery, which was listed in the first quarter.

On February 20th, Chery Automobile officially announced today that its Star Road Star Era ET car will be the world’s first rechargeable battery in Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited Shenxing, claiming that it will take 10 minutes to charge, and Shenxing will travel 400 kilometers.

Star Road Star Era ET is positioned as a medium and large SUV, which adopts Chery NP 2.0 technology battery pack, providing different versions of capacity of 60kWh, 82kWh and 100kWh. The cruising range covers 500-700km, and the battery life can be supplemented by 150km after charging for 5 minutes. .

The first batch of mass-produced cars of Qi Rui Xing Tu Xing Ji Yuan ET was officially launched in Wuhu, Anhui Province in January. This is the second model of Xing Ji Yuan brand and the first pure electric SUV model. It is expected to be launched in the first quarter of this year.

In addition, it has a pure battery life of 200km and a comprehensive battery life of over 1500km.

Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited Shenxing rechargeable battery is equipped with super-electronic net anode technology, graphite fast ion ring cathode technology, ultra-thin SEI membrane, ultra-high conductivity electrolyte formula and high porosity isolation membrane, claiming that the total battery life can reach 700 kilometers.

Cheung Ka Fai plays schizophrenic in "Mong Kok Prison" to illustrate social realism


Meng Yao and Cheung Ka Fai starred in "Mong Kok Prison"


  Unlike "Zero Dog," director Wang Jing will film "Mong Kok Prison" after the filming of "Onei Agent Lingling Dog". Unlike "Zero Dog", "Mong Kok Prison" will continue the people and lives in "Money Empire", which has both social realism and human care. The Academy Award-winning actor Cheung Ka-fai will play a schizophrenic in "Mong Kok Prison", while the role of "Crystal Girl" Meng Yao is a bit mentally retarded.


Wang Jing is not funny. "Mong Kok Prison" writes about a cruel life


  "Money Empire", which was released in the mainland in May, made fans who had been waiting for Wang Jing for a long time happy and sad. They were happy that the idol finally came out and brought a very different Hong Kong film. The sad thing was that the idol was no longer entertaining, whether it was a transformation or a take-all. Fortunately, the comedy of "Onei Agent Lingling Dog" brought a lot of comfort to fans who liked Wang Jing, while "Mong Kok Prison", which continued the brutal style of "Money Empire", continued to make people look forward to it.


  Although director Wang Jing doesn’t care about the awards, just because he personally likes to write the script of "Mong Kok Prison", he has considered the cast. In addition to Zhang Jiahui and Meng Yao, who have cooperated for a long time, he will also invite Bao Qijing and Chen Liyun, who have performed well in the movie "Day and Night in Tin Shui Wai", and the combination of one emperor and two queens + royal crystal girls shows Wang Jing’s emphasis on this film.


Wang Jing’s ruthless hand on Zhang Jiahui, Bao Qijing, and Meng Yao are all "sick"


  Many viewers are obsessed with the violent clips in "Money Empire", and in "Mong Kok Prison", Wang Jing shows her "ruthless" hand again, not in the film, but in the "ruthless" hand on the actors. Zhang Jiahui’s character in the film is schizophrenic, Bao Qijing will suffer from dementia in the film, and the most "pitiful" number crystal girl Meng Yao is not only mentally retarded, but also has suffered sexual violence.


  Unlike the boss scene in "Money Empire", "Mong Kok Prison" is the life of the little people, and in fact, the little people are the group that Wang Jing has always paid attention to and expressed in most of the movies. "Mong Kok Prison" means that everyone has a past that cannot be mentioned and the inner innocence of the protection, everyone is trapped in Mong Kok Prison.

Changzhou Lexus RX price reduction is coming, the highest discount 30,000! Great discount today

Welcome to [Autohome Changzhou Promotion Channel] to bring the latest car market trends to valued consumers. Currently, the high-profile luxury SUV is launching a remarkable promotion in Changzhou. It is reported that this promotion is unprecedented, and you can enjoy up to 30,000 yuan in cash, making the Lexus RX, which originally started at 375,000 yuan, more cost-effective in the hands of consumers. This opportunity is not to be missed. If you want to know more details and get the highest discount, click the "Check the car price" button in the quotation form and act now!

常州雷克萨斯RX降价来袭,最高优惠3万!今日钜惠

The exterior design of the Lexus RX highlights its perfect blend of luxury and dynamism. The front face features the iconic spindle-shaped air intake grille of the Lexus family, and its unique design lines create a strong visual impact. With sharp LED headlights, it shows a technological avant-garde style. The body lines are smooth and powerful, and the overall style is both powerful and elegant, showing the aura that a luxury SUV should have. Whether viewed from the side or from the back, you can feel the exquisite craftsmanship and design aesthetics embodied in the details of the RX.

常州雷克萨斯RX降价来袭,最高优惠3万!今日钜惠

With its exquisite craftsmanship and elegant design, the Lexus RX presents a unique profile. The body dimensions are 4890mm x 1920mm x 1695mm in length, width and height, and the wheelbase reaches 2850mm, ensuring ample interior space and excellent ride comfort. The tire specification adopts 235/60 R19, and the front and rear wheels are kept in line, which not only improves the driving stability, but also harmoniously blends with the body line, presenting a modern and dynamic visual effect. The side lines are smooth and powerful, highlighting the Lexus’ usual sense of luxury and technology.

常州雷克萨斯RX降价来袭,最高优惠3万!今日钜惠

The interior design of the Lexus RX fully reflects the perfect fusion of luxury and technology. The exquisite leather steering wheel provides a comfortable grip, supports electric up and down + front and rear adjustment, which is convenient for the driver to personalize. The center is equipped with a 9.8-inch high definition touch screen, equipped with advanced automatic speech recognition control system, integrated multimedia, navigation, telephone and air conditioning control, making the driving process more convenient. The seats are made of imitation leather, and the seat cushions and backrests are carefully designed. The main and passenger seats support front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment, high and low adjustment and waist support to ensure comfort during long-distance driving. The rear seats provide backrest adjustment function and support proportional reclining, which makes space utilization extremely flexible. Together, these configurations create a practical and comfortable driving environment.

常州雷克萨斯RX降价来袭,最高优惠3万!今日钜惠

The Lexus RX is equipped with a 2.5L displacement L4 engine with a maximum power of 139 kilowatts, providing plenty of power to the vehicle. The maximum torque of this engine is 241 Nm, which is matched with an E-CVT continuously variable transmission, ensuring a smooth driving experience and efficient performance.

In summing up the experience of Autohome owners, he was full of praise for the exterior design of the new Lexus RX, especially the style of the front grille and the elegant lines on the side. He said that although the rear through taillights are more common, they still show the beauty of Lexus in the details. Overall, the RX’s appearance innovation does bring unique visual enjoyment and driving confidence to the owner.

In the past few years, why did Wang Jianlin suddenly "make a comeback"?

City Express news, 69 years old this year, Wang Jianlin, who is about to enter his seventies,Recently, it has begun to appear frequently in the public eye

The retired Lao Wang, recentlyClass A share market reduction operationIt has attracted much attention.

According to the statistics of Changjiang Business Daily, from 2019 to 2022, Wanda Film’s net profit loss exceeded 12.60 billion yuan in the past four years, while the company’s cumulative net profit from 2013 to 2018 was only 7.575 billion yuan.

Among them, in 2019, Wanda Film 10.50 billion yuan to acquire 95.7683% equity of Wanda Film and Television, but the company has not completed the performance bet for three consecutive years. Even if Zhang Lin regains control of Wanda Film,Failed to reverse the decline

Entering 2023, the national movie box office is picking up, Wanda Film’s share price is rising, but the company’s controlling shareholders are waiting for an opportunity to cash out.

On the evening of April 19Wanda Film announced that Wanda Investment plans to reduce its holdings of the company’s shares by no more than 65.3811 million shares, calculated according to the closing price on the announcement day.The maximum cash can be about 950 million yuan. The reason for the reduction is: shareholders’ own capital needs.

And just over a month agoWanda Film’s controlling shareholder, Wanda Culture Group, has reduced its 43.5653 million shares.Cash out about 583 million yuan

You know, the actual controller of Wanda Investment and Wanda Culture Group is Wang Jianlin, founder of Wanda Group.He reduced his holdings these two times, and the maximum cash can exceed 1.50 billion yuan

"One billion as a small goal"Lao WangShort of money?

In fact, Wang Jianlin’s life has witnessed the rise, prosperity and transformation of China’s real estate industry.

The rise in oil prices has made Japan the biggest beneficiary

  The three oil crises of the 1970s and 1990s profoundly changed the industrial structure of the automotive powerhouses in Europe and the US. But they also represented opportunities. If there was only one winner in this far-reaching series of historical events, it was Japanese cars.

  Before the oil crisis, although Japanese cars had an export layout in overseas markets, their share was always small. At the same time, the inherent impressions of Europeans and Americans such as counterfeit products, quality and low grade always lingered on the top of Japanese cars. However, after the oil crisis, Western consumers had to accept the reality, and Japanese cars ushered in the trend of going global.

  Taking advantage of the opportunity of the oil crisis, Japanese cars eventually became an important pole of the global automobile industry. But in addition to the impact of objective events now known as "black swans", the subjective initiative of the Japanese automobile industry is also worthy of future memories. Freezing three feet is not a day’s cold, the formation of an automobile industrial country is the main reason.

  Growing up in war

  The original Japanese auto industry was born in the 1930s, 30-50 years later than the developed countries in Europe and the United States. At that time, the Japanese market was dominated by American cars, and giants such as General Motors and Ford established assembly plants in the country. Later, factories such as Toyota and Datsun (the predecessor of Nissan) created the first cars produced by Japanese companies by reverse-copying European and American models such as Chevrolet, Chrysler, and Austin.

  At the same time, in order to encourage the production of autonomous vehicles, the Japanese government also promulgated the "Automobile Manufacturing Business Law", which stipulates that companies that produce more than 3,000 cars a year must be approved by the government, and more than half of the shares must be owned by local companies. However, the Great Depression that swept the world at the time brought the fledgling Japanese automakers to the brink of bankruptcy.

  At this time, they were saved by a full-scale war of aggression launched by Japanese militarism. The early Japanese car companies were transformed into arsenal factories that started the war machine, but they were also quickly dealt a heavy blow by the defeat of the war. After the end of World War II, Japan, a defeated country, was devastated by society and economy, and its fledgling automobile industry was also on the verge of destruction.

  In this context, the Japanese government, which had just announced its unconditional surrender, still called together the few car companies at the time, demonstrating the government’s support for the auto industry. On the other hand, the United States, out of consideration against the Soviet camp, stationed troops in Japan and began to support Japan’s economy. Especially during the Korean War, the US military provided a large number of military truck orders to the nearest Japan, allowing Japanese car companies that were struggling after the war to quickly recover. For Japanese cars, this also provides an opportunity for them to open up the US market in the future.

  In order to make up for the lack of resources during the economic difficulties, the Japanese government began to encourage the production of short-wheelbase and small-displacement cars through preferential policies such as tax reduction, resulting in the series of cars known as K-Cars. These economical and practical cars not only quickly popularized cars in postwar Japanese households, but also laid the foundation for the subsequent industrial upgrading of Japanese cars. With the support of policies, the number of car companies in Japan after the war rapidly increased from single digits to nearly 30.

  Since the 1950s, the Japanese government has promulgated the "Basic Guidelines for the Introduction of Foreign Investment in Passenger Vehicles", and began to continuously introduce technology to developed countries in Europe, America, and Japan’s car companies have successively established cooperative relations with overseas auto giants. In 1950, Toyota’s then president, Eiji Toyoda, made a special trip to Detroit to inspect Ford’s factories; Nissan’s predecessor, Datsun, officially purchased the patents of Austin in the United Kingdom in 1952 and assembled cars in Japan in the form of CKD. Austin provided technical assistance to Datsun. In addition, cooperation between Hino and French Renault, Mitsubishi and Chevrolet of the United States is also developing.

  By the early 1960s, Japanese car companies had completed the original accumulation of technology, and the annual production and sales of domestic cars exceeded 400,000. In November 1963, Japan further established the automobile industry as a strategic industry at the Industrial Structure Review Conference. From the 1950s to the 1970s, Japan has introduced more than 400 technologies from developed countries in Europe, America and other countries.

  However, while absorbing technology, the Japanese government has also implemented measures such as tariffs and foreign exchange controls to protect the domestic automobile industry, and implemented them through legislation such as the Enterprise Rationalization Promotion Law and the Machinery Industry Revitalization Temporary Measures Law. The tariff barrier for imported automobiles was once as high as 40%. And the penetration of foreign capital into Japanese automobile companies is also strictly guarded.

  In addition to government support, the improvement of technology, quality and management by Japanese automakers at that time also greatly improved the quality of Japanese cars. For example, the Toyota production method, which has far-reaching impact on future generations, was born in the early 1950s. And some classic models that continue to this day, such as Toyota Crown, Corolla, Nissan Bluebird, Honda Civic, etc., were also introduced one after another in the 1950s and 1960s.

  In addition, in order to strengthen the overall quality of Japanese cars and eliminate uncompetitive enterprises, under the leadership of the Japanese government, Japanese cars carried out a series of mergers in the 1960s, reducing the number of highly competitive 30 to about 10, which increased the concentration of the industry.

  By 1970, the annual sales of Japanese cars had reached 4.10 million, 10 times that of the early 1960s, and the number of cars owned by 1,000 people had risen from 14 in 1960 to about 170.

  After all, the local market demand in Japan is limited. At the same time as the rapid growth of the industry, Japanese car companies are also trying to export. However, throughout the 1960s, Japanese cars were mainly aimed at the third world countries in South America and South East Asia. The best-selling models in Japan, such as the Toyota Crown, were also exported to the United States, but sales were also very low because they did not meet the needs of American consumers.

  It was not until the arrival of the first oil crisis that Japanese cars were "a blessing in disguise" and really went to the world, especially major automobile consumer markets such as Europe, America and others.

  blessing in disguise

  In 1970, at the call of American social environmentalists at that time, the US government introduced the "Air Purification Act" (Musky Act), which stipulated that after five years, cars emitted only one-tenth of the pollutants. This bill undoubtedly dealt a heavy blow to the three American giants that were popular at that time, but it provided an opportunity for Japanese cars to further open up the US market.

  In 1972, the CVCC engine developed by Honda became the first engine to comply with the Musky Act and quickly gained popularity in the United States.

  In October 1973, shortly after the outbreak of the Fourth Middle East War, the United States publicly sided with Israel and provided it with $2.20 billion in military aid. In order to sanction the United States and the West, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) began to implement a series of production cuts and oil embargoes. After the war, the oil exporting countries continued to cut production by more than 10% and pushed to raise the price of oil from $3 per barrel to $13, which was the first oil crisis.

  The oil crisis dealt a heavy blow to the developed automobile industry in Europe and the United States. During this period, global automobile production fell from nearly 40 million to 33 million. Car consumers in Europe and the United States had to give up their favorite large-displacement cars and performance cars in favor of affordable small-displacement cars. The auto giants were also forced to abandon their original production plans for large cars.

  Throughout the 1970s, Japan’s domestic auto market ended a period of rapid growth, with sales increasing from 4.10 million to 5 million. After the shock, Japan launched a new energy technology development plan in 1974, and introduced an industrial policy to reduce energy consumption, focusing on the development and promotion of energy-saving technologies and equipment. Later, the Energy Conservation Law was introduced to restrain it.

  But at the same time, Japan’s industrial structure dominated by small-displacement vehicles has allowed Japanese cars to find opportunities to break through overseas. Although the previous Japanese cars were scorned by many Europeans and Americans because of their brands, more people began to choose cars with better fuel economy due to the economic pressure caused by fuel consumption. At this time, in addition to affordable prices, Japanese cars have made great progress in technology and production management. In the past, the stereotype of counterfeit products and inferior quality in the eyes of Westerners was changed. Coupled with the good relations between Japan and the United States, Japanese cars soon became popular in the American market.

  In 1975, Japan’s domestic automobile production exceeded 7 million for the first time; by 1977, Japan’s automobile exports had reached 4.35 million, three times more than in 1970; the proportion of exported automobiles in total automobile production skyrocketed from 20% in 1970 to more than 50%.

  The shadow of the first oil crisis has not yet dissipated. With the outbreak of the Islamic Revolution in Iran and the Iran-Iraq War, the second oil crisis followed in the early 1980s, with oil prices rising from $14 per barrel to nearly $40. Global car sales fell for four consecutive years during the crisis, from 42 million to less than 39 million.

  This time, however, Japan’s increasingly mature auto industry has achieved greater success. During the second oil crisis, Japan’s domestic automobile production exceeded 10 million and 11 million in a row, and its exports exceeded 6 million for the first time. In 1980, Japanese automobiles surpassed the United States for the first time to become the world’s largest.

  The most important reason why Japanese cars can overtake American cars is the continued "attack" on the US market. During the second oil crisis, the production of American cars fell from 11 million to 8 million. In contrast, from 1978 to 1980, the number of Japanese car exports to the United States increased from 1.50 million to nearly 2 million, and the sales reached 2.40 million. The proportion of imported cars in the United States reached 80%, and the share of Japanese cars in the US market was as high as 20%.

  The real crisis

  Japan’s economic take-off and the strength of Japanese cars in the US market have threatened the US government and automakers. Under the impact of Japanese cars, American giants such as GM, Ford, and Chrysler have laid off more than 220,000 workers. The United Auto Workers (UAW) even broke out a campaign to smash Japanese cars.

  Under pressure from the United States, after negotiations between Japan and the United States, an agreement on independent restrictions on Japanese exports of cars to the United States was formed in 1981, which stipulated that the export scale of Japanese cars to the US market in subsequent years was limited to 1.68 million cars in 1981-1983, 1.85 million cars in 1984, 2.30 million cars in 1985 and 1986, and then dropped to about 2 million cars in subsequent years.

  At the same time, Japanese automakers began to choose to set up factories or joint ventures in the US market to avoid policy restrictions. After 1982, Honda, Nissan, Toyota, and Mazda successively established factories in the United States. In addition, joint ventures between Toyota and General Motors, Mitsubishi and Chrysler were also established during this period.

  On the other hand, under the premise of limited sales, Japanese cars to improve brand perception and increase profitability, Honda, Toyota, Nissan and other leading companies have launched high-end models for the needs of North American consumers, Acura, Lexus and Infiniti were born in this period.

  As a result, despite the decrease in imports, the profits of Japanese automakers have actually increased due to the high-priced luxury cars produced in the United States. With the outbreak of the Gulf War, the third oil crisis came. In the 1990s, the world’s car production decreased from nearly 50 million to 47 million, but Japan’s domestic car production approached 13.50 million, and sales reached a historical peak of 7.77 million. In addition, Japan’s overseas car production also exceeded 3 million for the first time, and the proportion of Japanese cars in the world rose to nearly 40%.

  However, luck has not always favored Japanese cars. Since the Plaza Accord in 1985, Japan’s domestic economic bubble burst due to the appreciation of the yen, which ushered in the "lost decade", and Japan’s domestic car production and sales have also slipped from their peak and began to decline year by year.

  Under the policy protection of domestic enterprises and the continuous suppression of Japanese cars. In 1994, American cars regained the first place in the global market. In 1995, the US government further announced a 100% tariff on luxury cars from Japan. The following year, Japanese car exports fell directly to 3.71 million, a decrease of 45% compared with the 1985 Plaza Agreement.

  Faced with the difficulties caused by economic stagnation, Japanese automakers are not sitting still. In order to continue to cater to the industry trend of energy conservation and emission reduction, Japanese automakers continue to develop engine technologies with stronger fuel economy. In 1997, the Toyota Prius based on THS hybrid technology was launched, and it became the best-selling model in North America again in the early 21st century. Later, the Honda i-MMD and Nissan e-Power were launched one after another, and the Japanese hybrid once again played a brand effect in the global market.

  In addition, while the US market is encountering bottlenecks, Japanese automakers are also continuously providing growth impetus by expanding into more overseas markets and increasing their emphasis on the emerging Chinese market. Entering the 21st century, Nissan, Toyota, Honda, Mazda, Mitsubishi and Suzuki have successively established joint venture factories in China, and have continuously introduced overseas best-selling models into domestic production and sales.

  Today, Japanese cars still have a 30% market share worldwide. Toyota is still the world’s largest automaker, with Honda and Renault-allied Nissan also in the top 10. In the United States, Toyota surpassed General Motors for the first time last year. In the Chinese market, the share of Japanese cars that came from behind has also reached more than 20%, which is on par with Germany. The value retention rate of mainstream Japanese brands is also among the best in China.

  Take a look.

  The rise of Japanese automobiles has been regarded by many in the industry as a model for the development of Chinese automobiles. For example, the Japanese government’s protection of local automobile companies and the control of the shareholding ratio of joint ventures, as well as the policy support for the production of small-displacement automobiles, have been used for reference by the Chinese automobile industry that has fully emerged after the reform and opening up.

  In addition, the experience of Japanese cars expanding overseas markets and gradually going global 60 years ago is also similar to the aggressive route of today’s leading Chinese independent brands. At present, Chinese independent brands are exporting small cars to developing countries in Southeast Asia and the Middle East in the early years, and turning to more regional markets. Even Europe exports some mid-to-high-end models and new energy vehicles, and sells back some cars produced by European and American automakers in China to the mainland.

  However, there are still significant differences in the automobile development environment and era background between Japan and China.

  Japan is an island country with relatively few natural resources, and it relies almost entirely on imports for the basic energy that supports the automobile industry, which is also the inherent disadvantage of the rise of Japanese cars. On the contrary, China not only has rich land resources, but also has the largest population and the largest market in the world.

  In today’s world, a series of black swan events such as the COVID-19 pandemic, Sino-US trade, and the situation in Russia and Ukraine have seriously impacted the world economy and the process of globalization. The shadow of previous oil crises still hangs over the heads of major countries. Although China is rich in resources, it is as dependent on oil imports as Japan. Getting rid of dependence on oil and reducing carbon emissions has become the consensus of major automobile industrial countries.

  The oil crisis of the 1970s and 1990s had the greatest impact on the automobile industry because of the irreplaceability of petroleum energy. However, with the development of technology, new energy vehicles led by electricity began to show a substitute role for fuel vehicles. Therefore, the development of new energy vehicles, which is the trend of overtaking cars in China’s car corners, has been formulated as a national policy by our country. At present, China has been the world’s largest new energy vehicle market for seven consecutive years, accounting for more than half of the global share. The overtaking of traditional fuel vehicles in Europe and the United States 50 years ago by Japanese cars is now being recreated by China’s automobile industry.